Nokea
A nurse is caring for an adolescent. The nurse should expect that the adolescent is working on which of the following developmental tasks?
- A. Defining a sense of self
- B. Learning to perform tasks independently
- C. Learning to use creative energies
- D. Building a sense of trust
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adolescence is characterized by the search for identity and defining a sense of self. Erikson identifies this stage as "Identity vs. Role Confusion where individuals explore and form their own identity separate from their family and childhood roles.
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A nurse on a pediatric unit is receiving a report from an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to visit first?
- A. A 4-year-old preschooler who has status asthmaticus and a pulse oximetry of 95%
- B. A 1-year-old infant who has roseola and a temperature of 39°C (102.2°F)
- C. A 7-year-old child who has diabetes insipidus and a urine specific gravity of 1.002
- D. A 10-year-old child who has sickle cell anemia and a pain rating of 6 on a 0 to 10 scale
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A urine specific gravity of 1.002 indicates very dilute urine
An adolescent was recently diagnosed with acne vulgaris and was prescribed tetracycline. Which of the following statements indicates that the client requires further education?
- A. I'll take this medication at least an hour before I eat a meal
- B. I'll take this medication with a full glass of milk
- C. I'll take this medication with a full glass of water on an empty stomach
- D. I'll stay out of direct sunlight while taking this medication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetracycline should not be taken with dairy products including milk because calcium in dairy can bind to the antibiotic and significantly reduce its absorption.
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a 2-year-old toddler who has acute gastroenteritis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Determine if the toddler is voiding.
- B. Request evaluation of the toddler's serum electrolytes.
- C. Initiate isotonic fluids with 20 mEq/L potassium chloride.
- D. Collect a stool sample from the toddler.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessing urine output is crucial for determining the child's hydration status. Voiding is an important indicator of kidney function and fluid balance.
A nurse is preparing to administer a dexamethasone 1.5 mg/kg/day PO to divide equally every 6 hr to a preschool-age child who weighs 22 lb. Available is dexamethasone oral solution 1 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 3.8 mL
- B. 2.8 mL
- C. 4.8 mL
- D. 1.8 mL
Correct Answer: 3.8
Rationale: Calculation: 22 lb ÷ 2.2 = 10 kg; 1.5 mg/kg/day × 10 kg = 15 mg/day; 15 mg ÷ 4 doses = 3.75 mg/dose; 3.75 mg × 1 mL/1 mg = 3.8 mL.
A nurse is collecting data from a 1-year-old child who has Wilms' tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Jaundice
- C. Swollen joints
- D. Abdominal mass
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wilms' tumor often presents as an asymptomatic abdominal mass.