Nokea
A nurse is collecting assessment data from a premenopausal patient who states that she does not have menses. What term should the nurse use to document the absence of menstrual flow?
- A. Amenorrhea
- B. Dysmenorrhea
- C. Menorrhagia
- D. Metrorrhagia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstrual flow, which aligns with the patient's report. Dysmenorrhea indicates painful menstruation, menorrhagia refers to prolonged or excessive bleeding during menstruation, and metrorrhagia denotes bleeding between periods. Amenorrhea is the correct term for documentation.
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The nurse is utilizing the PLISSIT model of sexual health assessment during an interaction with a new patient. According to this model, the nurse should begin with what action?
- A. Conducting a preliminary assessment
- B. Addressing the patients psychosocial status
- C. Asking the patients permission to discuss sexuality
- D. Assessing for physiologic problems
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The PLISSIT model of sexual assessment begins with permission, where the nurse seeks the patient's consent to discuss sexual health, fostering a safe environment. This is followed by limited information, specific suggestions, and intensive therapy if needed.
A newly pregnant patient is being assessed in an obstetric clinic. The patient states that she has been experiencing intense abdominal pain and the nurse anticipates that the patient will be assessed for ectopic pregnancy. In addition to ultrasonography, what diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate?
- A. Computed tomography
- B. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) testing
- C. Estrogen and progesterone testing
- D. Abdominal x-ray
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If an ectopic pregnancy is suspected, the patient is assessed using ultrasound and hCG testing, which can confirm pregnancy location and viability. CT and x-rays are contraindicated during pregnancy due to radiation risks, and estrogen/progesterone levels are not diagnostic for ectopic pregnancy.
A couple with a diagnosis of ovarian failure discusses their infertility options with their physician. The nurse should recognize which of the following as the treatment of choice for a patient with ovarian failure?
- A. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
- B. Artificial insemination
- C. Gamete intrafallopian transfer
- D. In vitro fertilization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), a variation of IVF, is the treatment of choice for ovarian failure, as it addresses the lack of functional ovaries. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is used for male factor infertility, and artificial insemination and standard IVF are less specific to ovarian failure.
A patient states that PMS that is significantly disrupting her quality of life and that conservative management has failed to produce relief. What pharmacologic treatment may benefit this patient?
- A. An opioid analgesic
- B. A calcium channel blocker
- C. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
- D. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are effective pharmacologic treatments for severe PMS, addressing mood-related symptoms. Opioids, calcium channel blockers, and MAOIs are not indicated for PMS management.
The nurse is assessing a patient who believes that she has recently begun menopause. What principle should inform the nurses interactions with this patient?
- A. The nurse should express empathy for the patients difficult health situation.
- B. The nurse should begin by assuring the patient that her health will be much better in a few years.
- C. The nurse must carefully assess the patients feelings and beliefs surrounding menopause.
- D. The nurse should encourage the patient to celebrate this life milestone and its accompanying benefits.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Women have widely varying views on menopause, and the nurse must assess the patient's feelings and beliefs to provide individualized care. Presuming a positive or negative view, or assuring future health improvements, risks misaligning with the patient's perspective.