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A nurse is conducting a community assessment. Which of the following information should the nurse include as part of the windshield survey?
- A. Demographic data
- B. Mortality rate
- C. Informant interviews
- D. Housing quality
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Housing quality. In a windshield survey, the nurse observes the community from a car to assess physical environment, including housing conditions. This information is crucial for identifying health risks and community needs. Demographic data (A) and mortality rates (B) are important but are typically gathered through other means. Informant interviews (C) involve talking to community members, not part of a windshield survey. Other choices (E, F, G) are not relevant to a windshield survey.
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A school nurse is planning safety education for a group of adolescents. The nurse should give priority to which of the following topics as the leading cause of death for this age group?
- A. Sports injury prevention
- B. Motor vehicle safety
- C. Substance abuse prevention
- D. Gun safety
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Motor vehicle safety. Adolescents are at a higher risk of motor vehicle accidents, making it the leading cause of death in this age group. This is due to factors like inexperience, risk-taking behaviors, and distractions while driving. Sports injury prevention (A) is important but not the leading cause of death. Substance abuse prevention (C) is significant but not the primary cause of death. Gun safety (D) is also crucial but not as prevalent as motor vehicle accidents.
A faith community nurse is preparing to meet with the family of an adolescent who has leukemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Focus the discussion on the adolescent's future career plans.
- B. Determine how the adolescent's health has affected family roles.
- C. Ask another family from the same faith congregation to attend the meeting for support.
- D. Direct conversation to the parents to avoid embarrassing the adolescent.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Determine how the adolescent's health has affected family roles. This is important because the nurse needs to understand the impact of the adolescent's illness on the family dynamics and roles. By assessing this, the nurse can provide appropriate support and resources to help the family cope effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because focusing on the adolescent's future career plans may not address the immediate concerns and emotional needs of the family facing a health crisis.
Choice C is incorrect as involving another family may not be appropriate without the consent of the adolescent and their family.
Choice D is incorrect because directing the conversation solely to the parents may exclude the adolescent from being an active participant in their own care and may not address their unique needs.
A school nurse is assessing a child who has been stung by a bee. The child's hand is swelling, and the nurse notes that the child is allergic to insect stings. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect if the child develops anaphylaxis? (SATA)
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Nausea
- C. Hypertension
- D. Urticaria
- E. Stridor
Correct Answer: B, D, E
Rationale: Correct Answer: B, D, E
Rationale:
1. Nausea: Anaphylaxis can cause gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea due to the release of inflammatory mediators.
2. Urticaria: Anaphylaxis commonly presents with hives (urticaria) as a manifestation of allergic reaction.
3. Stridor: Anaphylaxis can lead to upper airway swelling, causing stridor due to compromised breathing.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A. Bradycardia: Anaphylaxis typically causes tachycardia due to the body's response to the allergen.
C. Hypertension: Anaphylaxis usually results in hypotension due to vasodilation and increased vascular permeability.
A nurse is preparing an educational program about breastfeeding for a group of new parents. The nurse should use which of the following instructional strategies to promote psychomotor learning?
- A. Review flashcards that identify holding technique with the group
- B. Show the group a video on breastfeeding techniques
- C. Facilitate a discussion group about the benefits of breastfeeding
- D. Provide dolls for the group to demonstrate proper positioning
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because providing dolls for the group to demonstrate proper positioning promotes psychomotor learning by engaging them in hands-on practice. This allows participants to physically practice and internalize the correct techniques, enhancing muscle memory and skill acquisition. The other choices lack the hands-on component required for psychomotor learning. A: Flashcards are visual aids that may help with cognitive learning but do not involve physical practice. B: Watching a video is passive learning and does not actively engage participants in practicing skills. C: Facilitating a discussion focuses on cognitive understanding rather than physical practice.
A client who has diabetes mellitus asks a home health nurse to help her adapt some of her traditional cultural foods to fit her meal plan. Which of the following is the first action the nurse should take when assisting this client?
- A. Provide the client with a printed recipe
- B. Observe the client during preparation of traditional foods
- C. Use cookbooks to include traditional foods in meal plans
- D. Explain the diabetes exchange list
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Observing the client during the preparation of traditional foods allows the nurse to understand the client's current cooking practices, ingredients used, and portion sizes. This information is crucial in determining how to modify the traditional foods to fit the client's meal plan. Providing a printed recipe (A) may not consider the client's cultural preferences or cooking methods. Using cookbooks (C) may not align with the client's traditional foods or cooking techniques. Explaining the diabetes exchange list (D) is important but should come after understanding the client's current food habits.