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A nurse is contributing to a plan of care for a 24-month-old toddler. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Allowing the toddler to button up their own shirt
- B. Asking the toddler questions that have 'yes' or 'no' answers
- C. Providing the toddler with opportunities to share toys with others
- D. Making sure the toddler has at least one nap during the day
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ensuring a nap supports rest and development. Buttoning shirts, yes/no questions, and sharing toys are beneficial but not the priority over rest for a toddler's well-being.
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A nurse is reviewing the medical records of several children in an outpatient clinic. The nurse should identify that which of the following infections is included on the list of nationally notifiable conditions?
- A. Scarlet fever
- B. Rotavirus
- C. Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- D. Pertussis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pertussis is nationally notifiable for public health surveillance. Scarlet fever, rotavirus, and fifth disease are not typically required to be reported.
A nurse is assisting with the care of an infant who is postoperative following surgical repair of a cleft lip and palate. Which of the following action should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Gently rub betadine on the infant's incisions to prevent infection.
- B. Place the infant in a prone position for 1 hr to facilitate drainage of secretions.
- C. Weigh the infant once each day using the same scale.
- D. Suction the infant's nose and mouth using an in-line device on the lowest setting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily weighing monitors fluid status post-surgery. Betadine risks irritation, prone positioning may obstruct airways, and suctioning could harm the surgical site.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parent of a 15-month-old toddler about nutritional guidelines. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. My child will be constipated if they drink more than 6 ounces of juice a day.
- B. My child's intake of calcium should average 500 milligrams every day.
- C. My child should consume 1,500 to 1,800 calories each day by the time they turn 2.
- D. My child's appetite will increase suddenly when they turn 18 months old.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 15-month-old toddler needs about 500 milligrams of calcium per day to support bone growth and development. Excessive juice does not cause constipation but can reduce appetite for other foods. Toddlers need approximately 1,000 to 1,300 calories per day, so 1,500-1,800 calories is excessive. There is no specific age-related sudden appetite increase at 18 months.
A nurse in a pediatric unit is assisting with providing care for multiple children. Which of the following physical findings and parental reports should cause the nurse to suspect child maltreatment?
- A. A toddler has a spiral fracture, and the parent reports a fall from a swing.
- B. A preschooler has bruises on the shins, and the parent reports a collision with furniture.
- C. An adolescent has a head injury, and the parent reports a fall from a bike.
- D. A school-age child has a black eye, and the parent reports a fight with a classmate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spiral fractures in toddlers are concerning for abuse, as they often result from twisting forces not typical in a fall from a swing. Bruises on shins, head injuries from biking, and a black eye from a fight are more consistent with common childhood injuries.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adolescent client who has oral candidiasis and a new prescription for clotrimazole troche. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Place the medication in the refrigerator after each use.
- B. Be sure to let the troche dissolve in your mouth for 15 minutes.
- C. Crush the troche before mixing it with applesauce.
- D. Stop the medication if white patches appear in your mouth.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dissolving the troche slowly maximizes effectiveness. Refrigeration isn't needed, crushing alters delivery, and white patches indicate ongoing infection, not a reason to stop.