Nokea
A nurse is counseling a client who has a new diagnosis of chlamydia. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply)
- A. You should avoid sexual contact until therapy is complete
- B. Notify anyone with whom you have had sexual contact over the past 2 months
- C. You will need to take an antiviral medication for 30 days
- D. Once you complete treatment, you will have an acquired immunity against chlamydia
- E. You might experience painful urination until the infection has resolved
Correct Answer: A, B, E
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, and E. A is correct because avoiding sexual contact until therapy is complete helps prevent spreading chlamydia to others. B is correct as notifying sexual contacts allows for their treatment to prevent reinfection. E is correct because painful urination is a common symptom of chlamydia and should be expected until treatment resolves the infection. Choice C is incorrect because chlamydia is a bacterial infection, not a viral one, so antibiotics are used, not antivirals. Choice D is incorrect because completing treatment does not confer immunity against chlamydia; reinfection is possible.
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An occupational health nurse is discussing health promotion with a client who has a history of obesity. Which of the following comments indicates the client is using rationalization as a coping mechanism?
- A. I have lots of health problems from being obese
- B. I am obese, it's in my genes
- C. I have difficulty resisting the items in vending machines
- D. I know you don't like me because I am obese
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the client is using rationalization by attributing their obesity to genetics rather than taking personal responsibility. This deflects accountability and provides a justification for their weight issue. Choice A acknowledges the health problems related to obesity. Choice C acknowledges a specific struggle with resisting temptations. Choice D reflects projection, attributing dislike to the nurse. Other choices are incomplete.
A client who has diabetes mellitus asks a home health nurse to help her adapt some of her traditional cultural foods to fit her meal plan. Which of the following is the first action the nurse should take when assisting this client?
- A. Provide the client with a printed recipe
- B. Observe the client during preparation of traditional foods
- C. Use cookbooks to include traditional foods in meal plans
- D. Explain the diabetes exchange list
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Observing the client during the preparation of traditional foods allows the nurse to understand the client's current cooking practices, ingredients used, and portion sizes. This information is crucial in determining how to modify the traditional foods to fit the client's meal plan. Providing a printed recipe (A) may not consider the client's cultural preferences or cooking methods. Using cookbooks (C) may not align with the client's traditional foods or cooking techniques. Explaining the diabetes exchange list (D) is important but should come after understanding the client's current food habits.
A school nurse is teaching bicycle safety to a group of school-age children. Which of the following statements by a child indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should walk my bicycle through crosswalks.
- B. I should keep my bicycle far away from the curb.
- C. I should ride my bicycle side-by-side when biking with a friend.
- D. I should ride my bicycle in the opposite direction of the traffic flow.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I should walk my bicycle through crosswalks." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because it shows awareness of pedestrian rules at crosswalks, emphasizing safety when not riding the bicycle. Walking the bicycle through crosswalks ensures visibility to drivers and prevents accidents.
Summary:
B: Keeping the bicycle far from the curb increases the risk of colliding with vehicles or obstacles.
C: Riding side-by-side is unsafe as it can obstruct traffic and increase the chances of accidents.
D: Riding in the opposite direction of traffic flow is dangerous and against traffic laws, increasing the risk of head-on collisions.
A faith-based organization asks a community health nurse to develop a mobile meal program for older adults. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
- A. Determine potential funding sources for the program
- B. Inquire about the availability of volunteers
- C. Identify alternative solutions to address concerns
- D. Perform a needs assessment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform a needs assessment. This is because conducting a needs assessment is the first crucial step in program planning. It helps the nurse to gather data on the specific needs and preferences of older adults in the community. This data will guide the nurse in developing a mobile meal program that is tailored to meet the actual needs of the target population.
Option A: Determining potential funding sources should come after identifying the specific needs of the population, as funding sources will be based on the program's requirements.
Option B: Inquiring about the availability of volunteers is important but should be considered after understanding the needs of the older adults.
Option C: Identifying alternative solutions is premature without first understanding the actual needs of the population through a needs assessment.
In summary, performing a needs assessment is the first step as it provides essential information to guide the development of an effective and targeted mobile meal program for older adults.
A clinic nurse is assessing a client who has measles. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Koplik spots inside the mouth
- B. Persistent low-grade temperature
- C. Muscle aches and tenderness
- D. Rash confined to the trunk of the body
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Koplik spots inside the mouth. These are small, white spots surrounded by a red ring that appear on the buccal mucosa. This finding is characteristic of measles and typically precedes the onset of the rash. Koplik spots are highly specific to measles and can aid in early diagnosis. Persistent low-grade temperature (B) and muscle aches and tenderness (C) are common symptoms of many viral illnesses, including measles, but they are not specific to measles. The rash associated with measles typically starts on the face and head before spreading to the trunk and extremities, so a rash confined to the trunk (D) would not be expected in measles.