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a nurse is counseling a client who is to undergo enzyme linked immunosorbent assay testing for hiv. which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. the test monitors progression of the disease
- B. the test measures antibodies to the virus
- C. the test results are accurate 24 hr. after exposure to the virus
- D. a positive result requires initiating immunoglobulin administration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: the test measures antibodies to the virus. In enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing for HIV, antibodies produced by the body in response to the virus are detected. This helps in diagnosing HIV infection. Monitoring disease progression (choice A) requires other tests like viral load testing. Test results are not accurate within 24 hours of exposure (choice C) as it takes time for antibodies to develop. Initiating immunoglobulin administration (choice D) is not necessary for all positive results and depends on the individual's condition.
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a home health nurse is planning theinitial home visit for a client who has dementia and
- A. lives with his adult son’s family. which of the following actions should the nurse take first during the visit?
- B. encourage the family to join a support group
- C. provide the family with information about respite care
- D. educate the family regarding the progression of dementia
- E. engage the family in informal conversation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should first assess the client's living situation to ensure safety and support. Living with the son's family may impact care needs. Encouraging the family to join a support group (B) can come later to offer emotional support. Providing information about respite care (C) is important but not the priority. Educating the family about dementia progression (D) can wait until after assessing immediate needs. Engaging in informal conversation (E) is beneficial but not the initial priority.
a nurse is planning a program about healthy eating at an elementary school where most students select French fries and pizza at lunch every day. which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
- A. give positive feedback to students who makeappropriate choices.
- B. help students recognize the value of making healthy food choices 3. provide students with resources about making wise choices independently 4. determine student’s motivation to learn about healthy food choices.
- C. a nurse manger in local community health agency is creating a job description for a new nurse who will practice community oriented nursing. which of the following should the nurse include in the job description? (select all that apply)
- D. investigate potential health and environmental issues
- E. initiate support groups for parents of autistic children
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: help students recognize the value of making healthy food choices. This is the first step the nurse should take because it focuses on educating and empowering the students to understand the importance of healthy eating. By helping students recognize the value of making healthy food choices, the nurse can lay the foundation for long-term behavior change. Providing positive feedback (choice A) can come later once students have started making better choices. Providing resources (choice C) and determining motivation (choice D) are important but secondary steps after helping students understand the value of healthy eating. Choices E and F are irrelevant and not related to the scenario.
a community health nurse is planning an educational program for a group of women who are postmenopausal. which of the following outcomes is appropriate for this program?
- A. clients will schedule bone density screening
- B. clients will arrange for mammograms every 3 years
- C. clients will start hormone replacement therapy
- D. clients will significantly decrease caloric intake
- E. a nurse is working with a care manager for a client who participates in a health maintenance organization. the nurse should identify that a health maintenance organization provides which of the following payment structures.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: clients will start hormone replacement therapy. Postmenopausal women often experience hormonal imbalances that can lead to various health issues such as osteoporosis and heart disease. Hormone replacement therapy can help alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of these conditions. Scheduling bone density screenings (A) is important but does not address the underlying hormonal changes. Mammograms (B) are essential for breast cancer screening but are not directly related to postmenopausal hormonal health. Significantly decreasing caloric intake (D) is not a suitable outcome for a program targeted at postmenopausal women's health. The question also includes unrelated information about a health maintenance organization (E), which is a distractor.
a nurse is providing education to a group of adolescents who are pregnant and attending high school. which of the following information should the nurse include in theirteaching?
- A. the need for supplemental folic acid is greatest during the third trimester
- B. the incidence of high birth weight infants is higher in adolescent pregnancy
- C. pregnant adolescent need to gain less weight than adult mothers
- D. caffeinated beverages should be replaced with caffeine-free beverages
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because during the third trimester, the baby's neural tube is rapidly developing, making folic acid crucial to prevent birth defects. Choice B is incorrect as adolescent pregnancy is associated with higher rates of low birth weight infants, not high birth weight. Choice C is incorrect as pregnant adolescents need to gain a similar amount of weight as adult mothers to support fetal growth. Choice D is incorrect as moderate caffeine intake is generally considered safe during pregnancy.
a nurse of a community clinic is preparing an educational guide about cultural variances in expression of pain. which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. middle eastern cultural practices include hiding pain from close family members
- B. native American cultural practices include being outspoken about pain
- C. PuertoRican cultural practices include the view that outspoken expressions of pain are shameful
- D. Chinese cultural practices include enduring pain to prevent family dishonor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, as Puerto Rican cultural practices often view outspoken expressions of pain as shameful. This information is important for the nurse to include in the educational guide because understanding cultural variances in expressing pain is crucial for providing culturally sensitive care. Choice A is incorrect because Middle Eastern cultures may not necessarily hide pain from close family members. Choice B is incorrect as it generalizes Native American cultural practices about being outspoken about pain. Choice D is incorrect as it oversimplifies Chinese cultural practices regarding pain.