Nokea
A nurse is determining ways to address ethnic diversity among clients being provided care. Which action would be the most direct way for the nurse to do this?
- A. Explain how cultural backgrounds influence health beliefs and practices.
- B. Provide culturally sensitive care that respects clients' traditions.
- C. Listen to the life stories of clients to understand their cultural influences.
- D. Participate in cultural competency training and workshops.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Listening to the life stories of clients is an effective way for nurses to understand the cultural influences that shape their beliefs and practices. By actively listening, nurses can gain insight into the clients' backgrounds, values, and preferences, allowing them to provide more personalized and culturally sensitive care. Choices A, B, and D are not as direct as listening to the life stories of clients. While explaining how cultural backgrounds influence health beliefs and practices is important, directly listening to clients' life stories provides a deeper understanding of their individual cultural influences.
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A nurse has been providing care for a 69-year-old female client who has recently had her right foot amputated as a result of a chronic diabetic foot ulcer. The nurse undertook to perform debridement of the wound despite her lack of relevant education and experience. The client experienced permanent nerve damage as a result of the nurse's misguided efforts. Which category of legal liability is most likely relevant in this case?
- A. Larceny
- B. Assault
- C. Invasion of privacy
- D. Negligence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this case, the most likely relevant category of legal liability is negligence. Negligence involves the commission of an improper act, as exemplified by the nurse's actions of performing a procedure without the necessary education and experience, leading to permanent nerve damage for the client. Larceny refers to theft, assault involves a deliberate threat to harm, and invasion of privacy pertains to the violation of a person's right to privacy. Therefore, in this scenario, the nurse's actions align more closely with negligence.
A discharge planning nurse works with a wide variety of families when organizing care for older adults after their discharge from the hospital. Which of the following relationship structures would the nurse consider to be a family? Select all that apply.
- A. Mr. E and his partner, Mr. S, who live together in an apartment
- B. Mr. R and his new 'lady friend,' who began cohabiting 2 months ago
- C. Mrs. B and her daughter, son-in-law, and widowed sister, all of whom share a house
- D. Mr. R, who is estranged from his children and has lived with his brother, a bachelor, for several years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. While not traditional nuclear family structures, all of the given relationships and living arrangements constitute family units. Mr. E and his partner, Mr. S, who live together in an apartment, form a family unit. Choice B is not considered a family as it describes a relatively new and non-committal relationship. Choice C describes a traditional family structure with Mrs. B, her daughter, son-in-law, and widowed sister sharing a house, which also constitutes a family unit. Choice D describes a situation where Mr. R is estranged from his children and living with his bachelor brother, which can also be considered a family unit but is not as inclusive as the relationship described in choice A.
Mrs. W, aged 82, resides with her son and daughter-in-law who are finding it challenging to provide adequate care while maintaining their careers and home life. During a homecare visit, Mrs. W tells the nurse that, 'My children's generation doesn't know how good they've got it; when I was younger we all had to take care of our parents, and for a lot longer than most people do now.' Which of the following statements most accurately underlies the response that the nurse will provide to Mrs. W?
- A. The increasing prevalence of chronic illnesses means that there are indeed fewer old-old adults than there were in earlier generations.
- B. The increasing acceptance of long-term care means that the caregiving burden of the son and daughter-in-law's generation is lighter than that of Mrs. W's generation.
- C. More older people are living longer and receiving care in the community than when Mrs. W was in her middle-adult years.
- D. The caregiving needs of the old-old are increasing but these needs are more commonly met in institutional settings rather than in the community.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because people are living longer and receiving more of their care in the community than in years past. This reflects the current trend where older individuals tend to receive care in community settings rather than institutional ones. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the reality that more older people today are living longer and being cared for in the community.
Which of the following statements by family caregivers would the nurse consider most indicative of elder abuse?
- A. Mom can't handle her own money anymore, so I've had to take over her banking.
- B. When my dad starts wandering around the house, I give him sleeping pills until he calms down and falls asleep in his chair.
- C. My mother says she wants me to do everything for her, but I think it's better if she keeps on doing everything she's still capable of.
- D. I get so frustrated because my father used to be so competent, and now he can't even use a toilet.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The statement 'When my dad starts wandering around the house, I give him sleeping pills until he calms down and falls asleep in his chair' is most indicative of elder abuse as it involves the inappropriate use of chemical restraints. This practice can harm the elderly and is considered a form of abuse. Choices A, C, and D do not demonstrate elder abuse. Choice A may be a responsible action depending on the circumstances, choice C reflects a positive philosophy of care, and choice D expresses frustration but does not constitute abuse.
Which of the following is required in order for a healthcare provider to be legally justified in not attempting to save a client's life?
- A. A 'Do Not Resuscitate' (DNR) statement on the patient's care plan
- B. A 'No-Code' sign or symbol placed at the patient's bedside
- C. A 'No-Code' order written and signed on the physician's order sheet
- D. The next of kin's request for 'Do Not Resuscitate' orally or in writing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To legally justify not attempting to save a client's life, a healthcare provider must have a 'No-Code' order written and signed on the physician's order sheet. Unless there is a specific order stating that resuscitation should not be performed, failure to do so can be considered negligence. A 'Do Not Resuscitate' statement on the care plan or a symbol at the bedside is not legally valid without the proper medical order. Additionally, a request from the next of kin, whether oral or written, is not a substitute for a signed physician's order.