Nokea
A nurse is developing a program about strategies to prevent foodborne illnesses for a community group. The nurse should plan to include which of the following recommendations? (Select one that does not apply).
- A. Keep cold food temperatures below 4.4°C (40°F).
- B. Reheat leftovers before eating.
- C. Wash raw vegetables thoroughly in clean water.
- D. Keep cooked foods at 48.9°C (120°F).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to keep cooked foods at 48.9°C (120°F). This temperature is too low to keep cooked foods safe from bacterial growth. The ideal temperature to keep cooked foods safe is above 60°C (140°F). Choices A, B, and C are all important strategies to prevent foodborne illnesses. Keeping cold food temperatures below 4.4°C (40°F) helps prevent bacterial growth, reheating leftovers before eating kills any bacteria that may have grown during storage, and washing raw vegetables thoroughly in clean water helps remove dirt and bacteria.
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A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?
- A. Soybeans
- B. Grains
- C. Legumes
- D. Green vegetables
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Soybeans are a good source of high-quality protein. They contain all the essential amino acids needed by the body. Grains, legumes, and green vegetables do not provide as much high-quality protein as soybeans. Grains and legumes are good sources of protein but may lack some essential amino acids, while green vegetables generally have lower protein content compared to soybeans.
A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following is a trigger for the formation of vitamin D in the body?
- A. Calcium
- B. Vitamin A depletion
- C. Exposure to sunlight
- D. Weight-bearing exercise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exposure to sunlight is the trigger for the formation of vitamin D in the body. When the skin is exposed to sunlight, it produces vitamin D. This process is essential for maintaining healthy levels of vitamin D in the body. Calcium (Choice A) is important for bone health but is not the trigger for vitamin D formation. Vitamin A depletion (Choice B) does not directly trigger the formation of vitamin D. Weight-bearing exercise (Choice D) is crucial for bone health but is not directly related to the formation of vitamin D.
A nurse is teaching a client who needs to increase their daily fluid intake. Which of the following foods has the highest percentage of water by weight?
- A. Yogurt
- B. Milk
- C. Lettuce
- D. Honey
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Lettuce. Lettuce has the highest percentage of water by weight among the options provided, making it an excellent choice to increase fluid intake. Yogurt and milk have some water content but are not as high in water percentage as lettuce. Honey, on the other hand, contains very little water and is not a good choice for increasing fluid intake.
A client with nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus is receiving dietary teaching from a nurse and plans to make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates per day.
- B. Eat no more than 300 mg of cholesterol per day.
- C. Consume less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day.
- D. Eat at least 45 g of fiber per day.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a client with nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus, increasing fiber intake is essential as it can help manage blood sugar levels and improve overall bowel health. Choice A is incorrect because carbohydrates should be controlled but not limited to less than 45% of total calories. Choice B is incorrect as the recommended daily cholesterol intake for individuals with diabetes is less than 200 mg. Choice C is incorrect as protein intake should be individualized based on the client's condition and should not be limited to less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight per day.
A client with a large lower-leg ulcer needs protein for wound healing. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest?
- A. Kidney beans
- B. Grilled salmon
- C. Peanut butter
- D. Raw spinach
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Grilled salmon is the best choice for providing high-quality protein for wound healing. Salmon is rich in essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, which can help promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation. Kidney beans, peanut butter, and raw spinach are good protein sources but do not offer the same level of high-quality protein and nutrients needed specifically for wound healing.