Nokea
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with a UTI and prescribed nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin). The nurse would warn the client about which of the following common gastrointestinal adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
- A. Anorexia
- B. Ileus
- C. Toxic megacolon
- D. Nausea
- E. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Common gastrointestinal adverse reactions seen with the use of nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
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A nurse monitoring a hospitalized client with a UTI notifies the physician if which of the following occur with drug therapy? Select all that apply.
- A. Fever
- B. Poor fluid intake
- C. Decreased urinary output
- D. Appearance of concentrated urine
- E. Worsening of UTI symptoms
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: A nurse monitoring a hospitalized client with a UTI notifies the physician if any of the following occur: fever, poor fluid intake, decreased urinary output, appearance of concentrated urine, or worsening of UTI symptoms.
A nurse is preparing to administer phenazopyridine to a client. To help promote maximum effectiveness, the nurse would expect to administer this drug at which time?
- A. Before meals
- B. At bedtime
- C. Around the clock
- D. After meals
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenazopyridine is administered after meals to prevent GI upset.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving fosfomycin for the treatment of an acute bacterial UTI. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client about this drug?
- A. Ensure that the drug is administered every 3 hours.
- B. Administer the drug after dissolving it in 90 to 120 mL of hot water.
- C. Ensure that the drug is administered immediately after mixing with water.
- D. Administer the drug on an empty stomach.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to take the drug immediately after mixing it with water. The nurse need not instruct the client to take the drug at an interval of 3 hours, to take the drug after dissolving it in 90 to 120 mL of hot water, or to take the drug on an empty stomach. Fosfomycin, which comes in dry form, should be dissolved in 90 to 120 mL water, but not hot water. The nurse should instruct the client to take the drug with food to prevent gastric upset, which occurs with the administration of fosfomycin.
A client asks the nurse about drinking cranberry juice to prevent UTIs. The nurse informs the client that it is safe to use, suggesting an intake of which amount daily?
- A. 1 to 2 ounces
- B. 4 to 8 ounces
- C. 8 to 12 ounces
- D. 12 to 16 ounces
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cranberry juice is safe for use as a food and for urinary tract health. The recommended dosage is 4 to 8 ounces of juice per day.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving methenamine as outpatient treatment for chronic bacterial UTIs. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client about the administration of the drug?
- A. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight.
- B. Increase the intake of milk products.
- C. Avoid an excessive intake of citrus fruits.
- D. Take the drug preferably with food.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client taking the anti-infective methenamine to avoid an excessive intake of citrus fruits. The nurse need not instruct the client taking methenamine to avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, to increase the intake of milk products, or to take the drug preferably with food. Instead, the nurse should instruct the client to avoid milk and milk products when the client is taking methenamine.