Nokea
A nurse is discussing the care of an infant with colic with the parents. What should the nurse explain is the cause of colicky behavior?
- A. Inadequate peristalsis
- B. Paroxysmal abdominal pain
- C. An allergic response to certain proteins in milk
- D. A protective mechanism designed to eliminate foreign proteins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Paroxysmal abdominal pain. Colic in infants is characterized by paroxysmal abdominal pain, leading to excessive crying and fussiness. It is not caused by inadequate peristalsis (Choice A), an allergic response to certain proteins in milk (Choice C), or a protective mechanism designed to eliminate foreign proteins (Choice D). Understanding that colic is primarily associated with abdominal pain helps healthcare providers provide appropriate care and support to parents dealing with colicky infants.
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When teaching parents about preventing childhood obesity, what should the nurse recommend?
- A. Encourage high-calorie snacks
- B. Limit screen time
- C. Encourage fast food as a treat
- D. Allow the child to eat freely
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Limiting screen time is a crucial recommendation to prevent childhood obesity. Excessive screen time is associated with sedentary behavior and increased consumption of unhealthy snacks, leading to weight gain. Encouraging high-calorie snacks (Choice A) contradicts the goal of preventing obesity. While fast food as a treat (Choice C) can be consumed occasionally, it should not be encouraged as a regular practice. Allowing the child to eat freely (Choice D) without restrictions can lead to overeating and unhealthy dietary habits, contributing to obesity risk.
What should the nurse include in the care plan for a 6-month-old infant admitted with a diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
- A. Provide small, frequent feedings
- B. Administer antibiotics
- C. Maintain strict isolation
- D. Elevate the head of the bed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed is crucial in the care plan for an infant with RSV as it helps improve breathing by facilitating better airflow and drainage of secretions. This position can also enhance comfort and reduce respiratory distress. Providing small, frequent feedings (Choice A) is generally beneficial for infants but is not specific to managing RSV. Administering antibiotics (Choice B) is not indicated for RSV as it is caused by a virus, and antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections. Maintaining strict isolation (Choice C) is important to prevent the spread of contagious infections but is not a direct intervention for improving the infant's respiratory status in RSV.
What is the nurse's priority intervention when preparing for admission of a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis?
- A. Pad the side rails of the crib.
- B. Arrange for a quiet, cool room.
- C. Place a tracheotomy set at the bedside.
- D. Obtain a recliner so that a parent can stay.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to place a tracheotomy set at the bedside. Acute laryngotracheobronchitis can cause airway obstruction, which may require an emergency tracheotomy. Having the tracheotomy set readily available ensures quick access in case of respiratory distress. Padding the side rails of the crib, arranging for a quiet, cool room, and obtaining a recliner for a parent are important aspects of care but are not the priority when managing a potentially life-threatening airway emergency.
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus about blood glucose monitoring. What should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Checking blood glucose levels before meals and at bedtime
- B. Using a lancet device to obtain blood samples
- C. Using urine test strips for monitoring
- D. Recognizing signs of hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking blood glucose levels before meals and at bedtime is essential in managing type 1 diabetes mellitus as it helps in monitoring blood sugar levels at different times of the day and adjusting insulin doses accordingly. Option B about using a lancet device to obtain blood samples is a technique rather than an emphasis on monitoring frequency. Option C suggesting the use of urine test strips is incorrect as urine test strips are not recommended for accurate real-time monitoring of blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetes. Option D, recognizing signs of hypoglycemia, is important but not the primary emphasis when educating about blood glucose monitoring.
The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old client. Which finding suggests to the nurse this child may have a genetic disorder?
- A. The inquiry determines the child had feeding problems.
- B. The child weighs 40 lb (18.2 kg) and is 40 in (101.6 cm) in height.
- C. The child has low-set ears with lobe creases.
- D. The child can hop on one foot but cannot skip.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low-set ears with lobe creases are often associated with genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome, and can indicate underlying chromosomal abnormalities. This physical characteristic is a common feature seen in various genetic syndromes. The other choices, including feeding problems, weight and height measurements, and motor skills, are not typically specific indicators of genetic disorders in the absence of other associated features.