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A nurse is educating a patient about ovulation tracking. What method should the nurse recommend?
- A. Using ovulation predictor kits to detect the LH surge.
- B. Tracking cervical mucus changes only after ovulation.
- C. Measuring basal body temperature in the evening.
- D. Testing progesterone levels daily.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Using ovulation predictor kits to detect the LH surge. This method is recommended because it directly detects the hormone surge that triggers ovulation, providing a reliable indication of the most fertile period for conception. Tracking cervical mucus changes only after ovulation (B) may not accurately predict the fertile window. Measuring basal body temperature in the evening (C) is less accurate than measuring it in the morning. Testing progesterone levels daily (D) is not a practical or necessary method for ovulation tracking.
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The nurse is counseling a couple about ovulation predictor kits. What is the most important advice?
- A. They require a prescription.
- B. They detect the LH surge, signaling ovulation within the next 24 to 36 hours.
- C. They are most effective when used randomly during the cycle.
- D. They confirm pregnancy rather than ovulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because ovulation predictor kits detect the LH surge, which occurs approximately 24 to 36 hours before ovulation. This information is crucial for timing intercourse to maximize the chances of conception. Choice A is incorrect because ovulation predictor kits are typically available over the counter and do not require a prescription. Choice C is incorrect because these kits should be used strategically around the expected time of ovulation for accurate results. Choice D is incorrect because ovulation predictor kits do not confirm pregnancy; they only indicate the LH surge and impending ovulation.
The nurse is creating a pedigree from a client's family history. Which of the following symbols should the nurse use to represent a female?
- A. Circle.
- B. Square.
- C. Triangle.
- D. Diamond.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pedigrees, a circle represents a female.
What is the primary purpose of performing a semen analysis during infertility testing?
- A. To determine the presence of infections.
- B. To evaluate sperm count, motility, and morphology.
- C. To check for hormonal imbalances.
- D. To test for genetic abnormalities in sperm.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary purpose of performing a semen analysis during infertility testing is to evaluate sperm count, motility, and morphology. This is crucial in assessing male fertility potential. Sperm count indicates the quantity of sperm, motility refers to their ability to move effectively, and morphology assesses the shape and structure of sperm. These factors directly impact the likelihood of successful fertilization. Checking for infections (choice A) is important but not the primary purpose. Hormonal imbalances (choice C) are typically evaluated through blood tests, not semen analysis. Testing for genetic abnormalities in sperm (choice D) is a separate test and not the primary focus of a semen analysis.
Lori, who is 32 years old, is taking clomiphene citrate to induce ovulation and presents to the office for a vaginal ultrasound. She mentions experiencing abdominal bloating, nausea, and weight gain of 5 pounds over the past 12 hours. What condition do these symptoms indicate?
- A. Ovulation
- B. Premenstrual syndrome
- C. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
- D. Failed ovulation induction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). OHSS is a potential complication of ovulation induction with medications like clomiphene citrate. The symptoms of abdominal bloating, nausea, and rapid weight gain indicate fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity, a hallmark of OHSS. This occurs due to enlarged ovaries releasing excessive fluid into the abdomen. It is important to monitor patients like Lori closely for signs of OHSS to prevent severe complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Ovulation - Symptoms described are not typical of normal ovulation.
B: Premenstrual syndrome - Symptoms are not consistent with typical PMS symptoms.
D: Failed ovulation induction - Symptoms of weight gain and bloating are not indicative of failed ovulation induction but rather a complication of the treatment.
A male client has green color blindness, an X-linked recessive genetic disorder. His wife has no affected genes. Which of the following statements by the nurse is true regarding the couple's potential for having a child who is color blind?
- A. All male children will be color blind.
- B. All female children will be color blind.
- C. All male children will be carriers for color blindness.
- D. All female children will be carriers for color blindness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Female children will be carriers, as they inherit the gene from their father.