Nokea
A nurse is employed by a fertility clinic. Diagnostic testing is being completed to determine the source of the male not producing viable sperm to enable ovum fertilization. Which male structures does the nurse consider if the problem is narrowed to sperm survivability?
- A. Bartholin glands
- B. Prostate gland
- C. Cowper glands
- D. Vas deferens
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The accessory structure of the prostate gland contains secretory cells that produce alkaline fluid. The prostatic fluid mixes with sperm. The alkalinity of the prostatic fluid neutralizes the acidic metabolic wastes released by the sperm and counteracts the acid pH within the vagina to ensure mass survival of the sperm. The Cowper glands add lubrication for penetration of the vagina.
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The nurse is obtaining a health history at the client's annual gynecologic exam. Which of the following statements regarding a Papanicolaou test (Pap test) for cancer screening would delay the exam?
- A. I had sexual intercourse several days ago.
- B. I voided before entering the exam room.
- C. My menstrual period began yesterday.
- D. I use no vaginal sprays or creams.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse advises that the Pap test be rescheduled to a time other than during the menstrual period. The other options are acceptable to continue the test procedure.
Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to include to ensure a thorough baseline history related to the reproductive system?
- A. Age of menarche
- B. Nutritional history
- C. Exercise and fitness routine
- D. Cultural history
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To ensure a thorough baseline history, the nurse obtains information on the client's general health and family history, age of menarche, and menstrual history. Although the client's nutritional history, exercise and fitness routines, and cultural history are important, they are part of the overall client health history and not specific to the reproductive system.
The nurse is completing community education when asked by a client without health insurance why a mammogram is needed if the women are completing breast self-examinations at home. The nurse is most correct to respond stating which of the following?
- A. Mammograms are just better.
- B. Mammograms can detect cysts or tumors too small to palpate.
- C. Mammograms provide a baseline that shows changes in breast tissue.
- D. Mammograms provide a reassurance that the breast is free of cancer.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During community instruction, it is most important to relay facts in a clear, factual, and nonjudgmental way. Stating the need for mammograms to detect small cysts or tumors is clear and factual. Stating that mammograms are 'better' is vague and provides no better understanding. Although a mammogram does provide a baseline and reassurance of breast health, the most clear and factual reason why the mammogram is completed is its ability to detect cancerous tumors at an early stage.
The nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for a mammogram. Which of the following would the nurse include as a way to avoid artifacts of the x-ray?
- A. Don't wear any jewelry around your neck on the day of time.
- B. Avoid using a deodorant with aluminum hydroxide.
- C. Make sure not to eat or drink for 4 hours before the test.
- D. Drink at least 1 quart of water 45 minutes to 1 hour before the test.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a mammogram is scheduled, the nurse explains the radiographic procedure and instructs the client to avoid using a deodorant with aluminum hydroxide or body talc on the day of the test to avoid artifacts on the x-ray film. Not wearing jewelry is a precaution for any radiographic test. Fasting is not required before a mammogram. Drinking water before the test is appropriate for an abdominal ultrasound.
The nurse is relating health education to male students when asked where sperm is actually made. Which location is most correct?
- A. In the male reproductive system
- B. Sperm are present from birth
- C. In the testes within the scrotum
- D. In the seminiferous tubules
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Health instruction should be clear, specific, and factual. The specific location for sperm production is in the testes, which lie in the scrotum. More general information is that the sperm are produced in the male reproductive system and immature spermatozoa are formed in the seminiferous tubules. Sperm are not present from birth.