Nokea
A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for Timolol how to insert eye drops. The nurse should instruct the client to press on which of the following areas to prevent systemic absorption of the medication?
- A. Bony orbit
- B. Nasolacrimal duct
- C. Conjunctival sac
- D. Outer canthus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pressing the nasolacrimal duct prevents systemic absorption by blocking drainage into the nasal cavity.
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Sook has been prescribed gabapentin to treat neuropathic pain and is complaining of feeling depressed and having 'strange' thoughts. The appropriate initial action would be:
- A. Increase her dose
- B. Assess for suicidal ideation
- C. Discontinue the medication immediately
- D. Decrease her dose to half then slowly titrate up the dose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gabapentin can cause mood changes; assessing for suicidal ideation is the priority.
When writing a prescription for warfarin it is common to write ____ on the prescription.
- A. OK to substitute for generic
- B. The brand name of warfarin and Do Not Substitute
- C. PRN refills
- D. Refills for 1 year
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brand-specific warfarin ensures consistent potency; generics vary slightly, and PRN or yearly refills are impractical.
Which statement is correct regarding glucagon:
- A. Causes hypoglicemia
- B. Haven't affect glucose level in the blood
- C. Has a positive inotroic effect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glucagon has a positive inotropic effect on the heart, increasing contractility, in addition to raising blood glucose levels.
A patient who takes an oral sulfonylurea medication will begin taking fluconazole (Diflucan). The nurse will expect to monitor which lab values in this patient?
- A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine
- B. Electrolytes
- C. Fluconazole levels
- D. Glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluconazole inhibits CYP450, increasing sulfonylurea levels and hypoglycemia risk; glucose monitoring is key. Patients taking sulfonylurea drugs may have altered serum glucose when taking antifungal medications.
GLP-1 agonists:
- A. Directly bind to a receptor in the pancreatic beta cell
- B. Have been approved for monotherapy
- C. Speed gastric emptying to decrease appetite
- D. Can be given orally once daily
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GLP-1 agonists bind beta-cell receptors to enhance insulin release; they're not monotherapy-approved or oral .