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A nurse is interviewing a distressed client, who relates being fired after 15 years of loyal employment. Which of the following questions would best assist the nurse to determine the clients appraisal of the situation? Select all that apply.
- A. What resources have you used previously in stressful situations?
- B. Have you ever experienced a similar stressful situation?
- C. Who do you think is to blame for this situation?
- D. Why do you think you were fired from your job?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "What resources have you used previously in stressful situations?" This question is the best choice as it focuses on understanding the client's coping mechanisms and resilience. By asking about previous resources used, the nurse can assess the client's strengths and support systems.
Choice B is incorrect because asking if the client has experienced a similar situation does not directly address the client's current appraisal of the situation.
Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on assigning blame, which may not be helpful in understanding the client's perspective and emotions.
Choice D is also incorrect because asking why the client thinks they were fired may lead to a defensive response and may not necessarily provide insight into the client's appraisal of the situation.
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Which of the following symptoms should a nurse expect to assess in a client experiencing elevated levels of thyroid hormone? Select all that apply.
- A. Emotional lability
- B. Depression
- C. Insomnia
- D. Restlessness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Emotional lability. Elevated levels of thyroid hormone can lead to increased emotional reactivity and mood swings. This is due to the impact of thyroid hormone on neurotransmitters in the brain. Depression (B) is more commonly associated with low thyroid hormone levels. Insomnia (C) can occur with both high and low thyroid hormone levels. Restlessness (D) is more indicative of hyperthyroidism, where there is excess thyroid hormone.
A client refuses to go on a cruise to the Bahamas with his spouse because of fearing that the cruise ship will sink and all will drown. Using a cognitive theory perspective, the nurse should use which of these statements to explain to the spouse the etiology of this fear?
- A. Your spouse may be unable to resolve internal conflicts, which result in projected anxiety.
- B. Your spouse may be experiencing a distorted and unrealistic appraisal of the situation.
- C. Your spouse may have a genetic predisposition to overreacting to potential danger.
- D. Your spouse may have high levels of brain chemicals that may distort thinking.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Your spouse may be experiencing a distorted and unrealistic appraisal of the situation. This aligns with cognitive theory, which focuses on how our thoughts and perceptions influence our emotions and behaviors. In this case, the client's fear of the cruise ship sinking is likely based on an irrational and exaggerated belief rather than a realistic assessment of the situation.
Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on internal conflicts, which may not be directly related to the client's fear of the cruise ship sinking. Choice C is incorrect as genetic predisposition alone is unlikely to explain the specific fear of the cruise ship sinking. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests a biological basis for the fear, whereas cognitive theory emphasizes the role of thoughts and perceptions.
During the sixth week of a 10-week parenting skills group, a nurse observes as several members get into a heated dispute about spanking. As a group, they decide to create a pros-and-cons poster on the use of physical discipline. At this time, what is the role of the group leader?
- A. To referee the debate
- B. To adamantly oppose physical discipline measures
- C. To redirect the group to a less controversial topic
- D. To encourage the group to solve the problem collectively
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: To encourage the group to solve the problem collectively. The role of the group leader in this situation is to promote group cohesion and problem-solving skills. By encouraging the group to collectively address the issue of differing opinions on spanking, the leader fosters open communication, respect for diverse perspectives, and teamwork. This approach allows group members to explore the topic in a constructive manner, learn from each other, and reach a consensus or understanding.
Choice A is incorrect because the leader's role is not to referee or take sides in the debate. Choice B is incorrect as the leader should not impose personal views but facilitate a balanced discussion. Choice C is incorrect as avoiding controversial topics hinders group growth and learning.
A client diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder is most likely to exhibit which personality disorder characteristics?
- A. Uses splitting and manipulation in relationships
- B. Is socially irresponsible, exploitative, and guiltless and disregards rights of others
- C. Expresses heightened emotionality, seductiveness, and strong dependency needs
- D. Uncomfortable in social situations; perceived as timid, withdrawn, cold, and strange
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because individuals with somatic symptom disorder often display characteristics of heightened emotionality, seductiveness, and strong dependency needs. These traits are consistent with histrionic personality disorder, which is commonly comorbid with somatic symptom disorder. Choice A (splitting and manipulation) is more indicative of borderline personality disorder. Choice B (socially irresponsible, exploitative) aligns with antisocial personality disorder. Choice D (uncomfortable in social situations) is more in line with schizoid or avoidant personality disorder. Thus, choice C is the most appropriate match for individuals with somatic symptom disorder.
Which rationale by a nursing instructor best explains why it is challenging to globally classify the Asian American culture?
- A. Extremes of emotional expression prevent accurate assessment of this culture.
- B. Suspicion of Western civilization has resulted in minimal cultural research.
- C. The small size of this subpopulation makes research virtually impossible.
- D. The Asian American culture includes individuals from many different countries.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Asian American culture is not monolithic but comprises individuals from diverse Asian countries with unique customs, languages, and traditions. This diversity makes it challenging to globally classify the culture as a whole. Option A is incorrect as emotional expression varies within Asian American communities. Option B is incorrect as there has been cultural research on Asian Americans. Option C is incorrect as the size of the population does not hinder research efforts.