Nokea
A nurse is leading a health promotion workshop that is focusing on cancer prevention. What action is most likely to reduce participants risks of basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
- A. Teaching participants to improve their overall health through nutrition
- B. Encouraging participants to identify their family history of cancer
- C. Teaching participants to limit their sun exposure
- D. Teaching participants to control exposure to environmental and occupational radiation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Limiting sun exposure is the most effective way to reduce BCC risk, as UV radiation is the primary cause. Nutrition, family history, and other radiation exposures are less directly related.
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A 35-year-old kidney transplant patient comes to the clinic exhibiting new skin lesions. The diagnosis is Kaposis sarcoma. The nurse caring for this patient recognizes that this is what type of Kaposis sarcoma?
- A. Classic
- B. AIDS-related
- C. Immunosuppression-related
- D. Endemic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immunosuppression-related Kaposis sarcoma occurs in transplant recipients due to immunosuppressive therapy. Classic KS affects older Mediterranean or Jewish men, endemic KS is African, and AIDS-related KS occurs in HIV patients.
A nurse is providing care for a patient who has developed Kaposis sarcoma secondary to HIV infection. The nurse should be aware that this form of malignancy originates in what part of the body?
- A. Connective tissue cells in diffuse locations
- B. Smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract
- C. Neural tissue of the brain and spinal cord
- D. Endothelial cells lining small blood vessels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kaposis sarcoma originates in endothelial cells lining small blood vessels, not in connective tissue, smooth muscle, or neural tissue.
A patient comes to the dermatology clinic requesting the removal of a port-wine stain on his right cheek. The nurse knows that the procedure especially useful in treating cutaneous vascular lesions such as portwine stains is what?
- A. Skin graft
- B. Laser treatment
- C. Chemical face peeling
- D. Free flap
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Laser treatment, such as argon laser, effectively treats vascular lesions like port-wine stains. Skin grafts, chemical peels, and free flaps are not suitable for this purpose.
A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with what is thought to be toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). When assessing the health history of the patient, the nurse would be alert to what precipitating factor?
- A. Recent heavy ultraviolet exposure
- B. Substandard hygienic conditions
- C. Recent administration of new medications
- D. Recent varicella infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: TEN is commonly triggered by medications, such as antibiotics or antiseizure drugs. UV exposure, hygiene, and varicella are not typical causes.
A nurse is caring for a patient admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris. When writing the care plan for this patient, what nursing diagnoses should be included? Select all that apply.
- A. Risk for Infection Related to Lesions
- B. Impaired Skin Integrity Related to Epidermal Blisters
- C. Disturbed Body Image Related to Presence of Skin Lesions
- D. Acute Pain Related to Disruption in Skin Integrity
- E. Hyperthermia Related to Disruptions in Thermoregulation
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Pemphigus vulgaris causes blisters, leading to infection risk, impaired skin integrity, pain, and disturbed body image. Hyperthermia is not a concern; hypothermia is more likely.