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A nurse is obtaining a health history from a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as possible risk factors for iron deficiency anemia?
- A. The client eats red meat daily.
- B. The client has had gastric bypass surgery.
- C. The client has had treatment for gastrointestinal cancer.
- D. The client eats mostly prepackaged,processed foods.
- E. The client has ulcerative colitis.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answer includes choices B, C, D, and E. Gastric bypass surgery can lead to malabsorption of iron, increasing the risk of anemia. Treatment for gastrointestinal cancer can also affect iron absorption. Eating mostly prepackaged, processed foods may lack iron-rich foods, contributing to anemia risk. Ulcerative colitis can cause intestinal bleeding, leading to iron deficiency. Choice A is incorrect as red meat is a good source of iron.
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A nurse in the acute mental health unit is admitting a new client with an eating disorder. The nurse is aware that which of the following are considered comorbidities of eating disorders? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Anxiety
- B. Depression
- C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- D. Schizophrenia
- E. Breathing-related sleep disorder
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and C. Anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder are commonly seen as comorbidities in individuals with eating disorders. Anxiety and depression are often present due to the psychological stress and emotional turmoil associated with the eating disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder can manifest in obsessive thoughts about food, weight, and body image, as well as compulsive behaviors related to eating and exercise. Schizophrenia and breathing-related sleep disorder are not typically associated with eating disorders, making choices D and E incorrect. It is essential for the nurse to be aware of these comorbidities to provide holistic care to the client.
What treatment is commonly used for aggressive behavior disorder?
- A. Hypnosis
- B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
- C. Medication
- D. Physical restraint
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is effective for aggressive behavior disorder as it helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to aggression. It teaches coping skills and problem-solving techniques to manage anger and impulses. Hypnosis (A) is not typically used for aggressive behavior. Medication (C) may be prescribed in some cases, but it is often used in conjunction with therapy. Physical restraint (D) is a last resort and not a primary treatment for aggressive behavior.
A nurse is teaching the parent of an adolescent who was recently diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). The parent asks,Is there a medication that can help my child? Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Medication is usually not prescribed to treat oppositional defiant disorder. Let's discuss some behavioral strategies you can use.
- B. There are many medications that will help your child manage aggression and destructiveness. The health care provider will discuss them with you.
- C. Medication is not used to treat this oppositional defiant disorder because it is behavioral in nature.
- D. It's a common misconception that there is a medication available to treat every health problem.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Medication is usually not prescribed to treat oppositional defiant disorder. Let's discuss some behavioral strategies you can use. ODD is primarily a behavioral disorder, not a chemical imbalance, so medication is not typically the first-line treatment. Behavioral strategies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, parent training, and family therapy are more effective in managing ODD symptoms. Other choices are incorrect because they either suggest medication as the primary treatment without acknowledging the behavioral aspect of ODD (B), state inaccuracies about medication use for ODD (C), or divert the conversation away from addressing the parent's concerns (D).
A school nurse is speaking to the mother of a 16-year-old male adolescent. The mother has concerns about her son. Which of the following statements by the mother should indicate to the nurse that the adolescent is at risk for suicide?
- A. He is very religious and attends services twice a week.
- B. His cousin committed suicide a few weeks ago.
- C. He has slept 9 hours each night for the past 2 years.
- D. He spends much of his time with his two school friends.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a significant risk factor for suicide is having a close family member who has died by suicide. It indicates a potential increased vulnerability due to exposure to suicide and the impact of grief. Choice A (religious) and D (socially connected) are protective factors that can reduce suicide risk. Choice C (consistent sleep) is not directly related to suicide risk.
A nurse is educating a 28-year-old female client about the impacts of hypothyroidism on overall health. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. If you become pregnant, low thyroid hormone levels can affect your developing fetus.
- B. Hypothyroidism can cause autoimmune disorders over time.
- C. Low thyroid hormone levels will cause your metabolism to speed up and heart rate to increase.
- D. Low blood pressure is usually associated with hypothyroidism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A because hypothyroidism, characterized by low thyroid hormone levels, can lead to complications during pregnancy, affecting fetal development. This is due to the essential role of thyroid hormones in fetal brain and nervous system development.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: Hypothyroidism is linked to autoimmune disorders, not a consequence of it.
C: Hypothyroidism actually slows down metabolism and heart rate due to decreased thyroid hormone levels.
D: Low blood pressure is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid is overactive.