Nokea
A nurse is participating in a diabetes screening program. Who of the following is (are) at risk for developing type 2 diabetes? Select all that apply.
- A. A 32-year-old female who delivered a 9½-lb infant.
- B. A 44-year-old Native American Indian who has a body mass index (BMI) of 32.
- C. An 18-year-old Hispanic who jogs four times a week.
- D. A 55-year-old Asian American who has hypertension and two siblings with type 2 diabetes.
- E. A 12-year-old who is overweight.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include history of delivering a large infant, obesity (BMI >30), family history, hypertension, and being overweight, especially in youth. Regular exercise reduces risk, making the 18-year-old less likely to be at risk.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is assessing a client with Buerger's disease. The nurse should determine if the client is experiencing:
- A. Thickening of the intima and media of the artery
- B. Inflammation and fibrosis of arteries, veins, and nerves
- C. Vasospasm lasting several minutes
- D. Pain, pallor, and pulselessness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Buerger's disease is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of arteries, veins, and nerves, leading to occlusion and ischemia. This distinguishes it from atherosclerosis (intimal thickening), Raynaud's (vasospasm), or acute arterial occlusion (pain, pallor, pulselessness).
The nurse is assigning clients for the evening shift. Which of the following clients are appropriate for the nurse to assign to a licensed practical nurse to provide client care? Select all that apply.
- A. A client with Crohn's disease who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN).
- B. A client who underwent inguinal hernia repair surgery 3 hours ago.
- C. A client with an intestinal obstruction who needs a Cantor tube inserted.
- D. A client with diverticulitis who needs teaching about his take-home medications.
- E. A client who is experiencing an exacerbation of his ulcerative colitis.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) can provide care for stable clients with predictable outcomes, such as a client post-inguinal hernia repair (B) or a client with diverticulitis needing medication teaching (D). Clients requiring TPN monitoring (A), Cantor tube insertion (C), or managing an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis (E) require more complex assessments or interventions typically performed by a registered nurse. CN: Management of care; CL: Synthesize
A client who has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) complains of heartburn. To decrease the heartburn, the nurse should instruct the client to eliminate which of the following items from the diet?
- A. Lean beef.
- B. Air-popped popcorn.
- C. Hot chocolate.
- D. Raw vegetables.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hot chocolate contains caffeine and fat, both of which can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and worsen GERD-related heartburn. The other options are less likely to trigger symptoms.
In addition to nausea and severe flank pain, a female client with renal calculi has pain in the groin and bladder. The nurse should assess the client further for six years of:
- A. Nephritis.
- B. Referred pain.
- C. Urine retention.
- D. Additional stone formation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Groin and bladder pain in renal calculi often indicate referred pain from the stone's movement or irritation along the urinary tract.
Captopril (Capoten), furosemide (Lasix), and metoprolol (Toprol XL) are ordered for a client with systolic heart failure. The client's blood pressure is 136/82 and the heart rate is 65. Prior to medication administration at 9 a.m., the nurse reviews the following lab tests (see chart). Which of the following should the nurse do first?
- A. Administer the medications.
- B. Call the physician.
- C. Withhold the captopril.
- D. Question the metoprolol dose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L indicates hyperkalemia, a risk with captopril (an ACE inhibitor). Calling the physician is the priority to address this critical lab value.