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A nurse is performing a focused assessment on a client who has a history of COPD and is experiencing dyspnea. Which of the findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Flaring of the nostrils
- B. Normal respiratory rate
- C. Clear lung sounds
- D. Decreased work of breathing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flaring of the nostrils indicates increased respiratory effort, common in clients with dyspnea due to COPD.
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A nurse is teaching about measures to promote sleep for a client with insomnia. What statement indicates understanding?
- A. I should reduce my fluid intake to 2 hours before bedtime
- B. I will watch TV in bed before sleeping
- C. I can take long naps during the day
- D. I should exercise right before going to bed
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reducing fluid intake to 2-4 hours before sleeping helps prevent interruptions during the night, promoting better sleep.
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who reports a decrease in the effectiveness of their arthritis medication. Which of the following client information should the nurse identify as a contributing factor?
- A. The client has a history of recurring bowel inflammation
- B. The client has recently increased their exercise regimen
- C. The client is taking herbal supplements
- D. The client is experiencing increased stress
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recurring bowel inflammation can decrease gastrointestinal motility, affecting the absorption of oral medications.
A nurse is reviewing the lab report of a client who has been experiencing a fever for the last 3 days. What lab result indicates the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit (FVD)?
- A. Decreased hematocrit
- B. Increased BUN
- C. Increased hematocrit
- D. Decreased urine specific gravity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An increased hematocrit level indicates dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
A nurse is discussing immunity with a client who has received an immunization. The nurse should identify that an immunization functions as part of which of the following types of immunity?
- A. Innate immunity
- B. Passive immunity
- C. Acquired immunity
- D. Natural immunity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immunizations provide acquired immunity, as they introduce antigens into the body, prompting the production of antibodies.
A community health nurse is teaching a group of clients about first aid for different types of wounds. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should apply clean dressings over the top of blood-saturated dressings and hold pressure.
- B. I will rinse the wound with hot water to cleanse it.
- C. I can remove the dressing once the bleeding stops.
- D. I should apply antibiotic ointment directly to the wound.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying clean dressings over blood-saturated dressings and holding pressure helps prevent disruption of wound tissue.