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A nurse is performing a health history on a client who identifies as Native American/First Nations. Based on familial history and racial disparities, for which health issue should the nurse prepare to monitor in this client?
- A. autoimmune disorders
- B. heart disease
- C. Alzheimer's disease
- D. lung cancer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: heart disease. Heart disease is a major health issue among Native American/First Nations populations, along with diabetes, malignant neoplasm, and unintentional injuries, contributing to a decreased lifespan. Autoimmune disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and lung cancer are not the primary health concerns that the nurse should monitor for in this client. By understanding the prevalent health issues in this population, the nurse can provide targeted care and interventions to promote better health outcomes.
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Which of the following is a matter of public, not private, law?
- A. Wrongful acts against another party
- B. Invasion of a patient's privacy
- C. Assault and battery on a patient
- D. Licensing of a home health agency
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Licensing of a home health agency.' Public law governs relationships between private parties and the government, such as licensing requirements for entities like home health agencies. Choices A, B, and C involve private law, which governs relationships between individuals and organizations. These choices pertain to wrongful acts against another party, invasion of privacy, and assault and battery, respectively.
Nurse R works on the geriatric medicine unit of the university hospital and provides care for numerous older adult clients nearing the end of life, many of whom have no-code orders. Which of the following situations is incompatible with the legal requirements for a no-code order?
- A. A client who is mentally competent has declared his wish to have a no-code order despite the availability of treatment options for his condition.
- B. A client has expressed her desire to have a no-code order but her daughter is adamantly opposed to it.
- C. A client clearly tells the nurse her desire to have a no-code order, which the nurse documents at the bedside.
- D. A client has been in a coma and the family has decided to put in place a no-code order.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. No-code orders require a written and signed order by a physician. Therefore, a client expressing the desire for a no-code order to a nurse, without a documented physician's order, is incompatible with legal requirements. Choices A and B are not incompatible as competent clients can make their own decisions, regardless of treatment options or family opposition. Choice D is also not incompatible as family decisions can be made on behalf of incompetent clients.
A nurse is reviewing the client population of a local community health center and identifying the health care needs of the group. The nurse decides to develop a screening program for hypertension. Which client population would the nurse most likely be working with?
- A. A seniors' group based at a Jewish community center.
- B. A Native American reservation/Canadian aboriginal reserve.
- C. A predominantly Chinese-American neighborhood.
- D. A minimum-security prison serving young, rehabilitating offenders.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertension is disproportionately high among Native American/First Nations clients. This condition is not noted to be a major health problem among Jewish Americans, prisoners, or Americans of Chinese ancestry. Developing a screening program for hypertension in a Native American reservation/Canadian aboriginal reserve would be most appropriate based on the prevalence of the condition in this population.
A 52-year-old woman is preparing to have her father move into her home after his discharge from the hospital. Which of the following subjects should the discharge planning nurse prioritize when preparing the woman for her new caregiving role?
- A. The availability and scope of community resources
- B. The importance of her own self-care and techniques for maximizing it
- C. Assertiveness training to ensure she can set limits
- D. Management of finances
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. It is crucial for the discharge planning nurse to prioritize the importance of the woman's self-care and provide techniques for maximizing it. When taking on a caregiving role, the caregiver's well-being is essential to ensure effective care for the patient. While community resources (choice A) are important, the immediate focus should be on self-care. Assertiveness training (choice C) and financial management (choice D) are also significant but not as critical as self-care for the caregiver in this scenario.
How can the nurse best respond to this situation?
- A. The nurse should accept that the relationship plays a positive role for the man.
- B. The nurse should organize a family meeting that includes both the children and the man's partner in an effort to facilitate reconciliation.
- C. The nurse should document the children's concerns and investigate the truth of their claims.
- D. The nurse should ask the partner to demonstrate that she is not a negative influence on the resident.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should respect the father's perspective and accept that the relationship with his common-law partner may indeed be positive and beneficial for him. The nurse's role is to support the patient's autonomy and decisions, especially when there are no legal concerns or signs of abuse. Organizing a family meeting (Choice B) might be premature without first acknowledging the father's viewpoint. Documenting concerns and investigating (Choice C) may create unnecessary conflict and breach the father's trust. Asking the partner to prove herself (Choice D) could strain the relationship further and is not within the nurse's role unless there are clear signs of harm or abuse.