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A nurse is planning a staff education program to review nursing interventions for clients who have kidney failure. Which of the following sources should the nurse identify as the best resource for obtaining evidence-based information?
- A. The advice of an expert nephrology nurse
- B. Retrospective chart reviews
- C. Facility critical pathway
- D. A recent peer-reviewed nursing research article
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A peer-reviewed nursing research article is the best resource for obtaining evidence-based information because it provides the most current and reliable data on nursing interventions. Choice A, the advice of an expert nephrology nurse, may be helpful but could be based on individual experience rather than the latest research. Retrospective chart reviews (Choice B) focus on past cases and may not reflect current best practices. Facility critical pathways (Choice C) offer standardized care plans but may not always incorporate the most up-to-date evidence-based practices.
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A nurse manager is discussing electronic medical records with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to maintain client confidentiality?
- A. Log out of the computer terminal before leaving.
- B. Share passwords for computer access with colleagues.
- C. Change computer access passwords on a regular basis.
- D. Avoid accessing information about clients admitted to other units.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Log out of the computer terminal before leaving. Logging out before leaving the computer terminal is crucial to ensuring patient data remains confidential and to prevent unauthorized access. Choice B is incorrect because sharing passwords compromises confidentiality. Choice C is incorrect as changing passwords regularly, although a good practice for security, is not directly related to maintaining client confidentiality. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the immediate concern of maintaining client confidentiality through proper access to electronic medical records.
The nurse is evaluating a client who had a cardiac catheterization with a left antecubital insertion site. Which of the following pulses should the nurse palpate?
- A. Brachial pulse in the right arm
- B. Radial pulse in the right arm
- C. Brachial pulse in the left arm
- D. Radial pulse in the left arm
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to palpate the radial pulse in the left arm. When the antecubital insertion site is on the left side, it is important to assess the radial pulse on the same side to monitor circulation accurately. Palpating the brachial pulse in the right or left arm or the radial pulse in the right arm would not provide direct information about the circulation related to the catheterization site.
A client is being taught about which foods to include in a low fiber diet. Which statement indicates understanding?
- A. Choosing a fresh pear would be a good snack option
- B. I should make refried beans for supper
- C. Selecting white rice as a side dish is a good choice
- D. Opting for bran cereal would be a good breakfast choice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because white rice is a low-fiber food suitable for a low-fiber diet, making it an appropriate choice. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because fresh pear, refried beans, and bran cereal are high-fiber foods and not suitable for a low-fiber diet.
How does a healthcare professional assess a patient's fluid balance, and what signs indicate fluid overload?
- A. Checking lung sounds for crackles
- B. Checking for signs of orthopnea
- C. Monitoring intake and output, and checking for edema
- D. Measuring daily weight
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is monitoring intake and output and checking for edema. Monitoring intake and output provides information about fluid balance in the body, while checking for edema helps assess for fluid overload. Lung sounds and signs of orthopnea are more indicative of respiratory issues rather than fluid balance. Daily weight measurement is useful to assess fluid status, but it alone may not provide a comprehensive evaluation of fluid balance.
Which of the following best describes a somatic symptom disorder?
- A. Client experiences sudden onset of symptoms due to stress
- B. Physical manifestations occur due to underlying medical conditions
- C. Client has excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms without a medical cause
- D. Client avoids medical care due to fear of receiving a diagnosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by individuals having excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms that may or may not have an identifiable medical cause. Choice A is incorrect because the sudden onset of symptoms due to stress is more indicative of acute stress reaction. Choice B is incorrect as it describes physical manifestations related to known medical conditions, not somatic symptom disorder. Choice D is incorrect as it relates to health anxiety or illness anxiety disorder, where individuals avoid seeking medical care due to fear of receiving a diagnosis.