Nokea
A nurse is planning a teaching session for parents of preschool children. Which statement explains why the nurse should include information about morbidity and mortality?
- A. Life span statistics are included in the data.
- B. It explains effectiveness of treatment.
- C. Cost-effective treatment is detailed for the general population.
- D. High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards are identified.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Including information about morbidity and mortality is important in a teaching session for parents of preschool children because it helps identify high-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards. By understanding which age groups are more vulnerable to specific health issues, parents can take proactive steps to protect their children and promote their overall well-being. This information also enables parents to recognize signs and symptoms early on, leading to timely interventions and better outcomes for their children's health.
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When caring for a child that has undergone a tonsillectomy, the nurse should do which of the following?
- A. Observe for continuous swallowing.
- B. Encourage gargling with warm saline water.
- C. Apply warm compresses to the throat.
- D. Apply cold compresses to the throat.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When caring for a child that has undergone a tonsillectomy, the nurse should observe for continuous swallowing. Continuous swallowing may indicate bleeding, and it is important to monitor for this postoperatively as it can be a sign of hemorrhage, which is a potential complication following a tonsillectomy. Encouraging the child to take sips of clear fluids can help in assessing if there is bleeding. Observing for any signs of bleeding, such as frequent swallowing, along with monitoring vital signs and overall assessment, is crucial during the initial postoperative period.
An adolescent tells the school nurse that she is pregnant. Her last menstrual period was 4 months ago. She has not received any medical care. She smokes but denies any other substance use. What is the priority nursing action?
- A. Notify her parents
- B. Refer for prenatal care
- C. Explain the importance of not smoking
- D. Discuss dietary needs for adequate fetal growth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The priority nursing action in this situation is to refer the adolescent for prenatal care. Prenatal care is crucial for monitoring the health of both the mother and the baby throughout the pregnancy. This includes assessing for any potential complications, providing appropriate interventions, and ensuring proper support for a healthy pregnancy. It is important for the adolescent to receive medical care as soon as possible to optimize the outcomes for both her and her baby. While notifying her parents, explaining the importance of not smoking, and discussing dietary needs are also important aspects of care, ensuring timely access to prenatal care is the most critical priority in this scenario.
You are discussing failure to thrive (FTT) with medical students. You mention that FTT is most often used to describe malnutrition related to environmental or psychosocial causes. An important statement that should be included in your discussion is
- A. FTT is often diagnosed by weight that falls below the 25th percentile for age
- B. a weight crossing one major percentile lines on the growth height should be evaluated for FTT chart over time is considered abnormal
- C. a weight of less than 60 % of the median weight for the height of the child
- D. small subset of the population naturally falls below the 3rd percentile but usually have normal weight for height
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crossing percentile lines on a growth chart indicates a significant deviation from the child's previous growth trajectory, which is a key indicator of potential FTT.
Between 2-6 months of life, all are true about infant sleep EXCEPT
- A. total sleep hours are about 14-16 hr/24 hr
- B. sleeps about 9-10 hr concentrated at night
- C. sleeps 2 naps/day
- D. the sleep cycle time is similar to that of adults
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infant sleep cycles are shorter and differ from adult patterns.
For a client with newly diagnosed cancer, the nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Anxiety related to the threat of death secondary to cancer diagnosis. Which expected outcome would be appropriate for this client?
- A. "Client verbalizes feelings of anxiety."
- B. "Client doesn't guess at prognosis."
- C. "Client uses any effective method to reduce tension."
- D. "Client stops seeking information."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The expected outcome that would be appropriate for a client with newly diagnosed cancer experiencing anxiety related to the threat of death would be "Client uses any effective method to reduce tension." This outcome focuses on the client actively engaging in coping strategies to reduce their anxiety. It is important for the client to actively participate in managing their anxiety by utilizing various methods to promote relaxation and reduce tension. It is a more proactive and empowering goal compared to simply verbalizing feelings of anxiety or stopping seeking information. By actively using effective methods to reduce tension, the client is taking steps to improve their emotional well-being and cope with the anxiety related to the cancer diagnosis.