Nokea
A nurse is preparing a client for surgery. The client refuses to remove a religious medal. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Ask the family to remove the medal
- B. Place the medal in a safe place for the client
- C. Allow the client to keep the medal during surgery
- D. Inform the client that the medal must be removed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to allow the client to keep the medal during surgery. Clients may retain religious medals or jewelry during surgery if it does not interfere with the procedure. Asking the family to remove the medal (Choice A) may not be respecting the client's wishes. Placing the medal in a safe place for the client (Choice B) may cause distress to the client who wants to keep it. Informing the client that the medal must be removed (Choice D) disregards the client's beliefs and preferences.
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If a nurse is uncomfortable documenting a verbal prescription, what should the nurse do?
- A. Document the prescription without seeking clarification.
- B. Clarify the verbal prescription with the healthcare provider.
- C. Refuse to document the prescription.
- D. Speak with the client's family to clarify the situation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a nurse is uncomfortable documenting a verbal prescription, the best course of action is to clarify the prescription with the healthcare provider. This is crucial to ensure that the information is accurate and to provide safe and appropriate care. Option A is incorrect because blindly documenting without seeking clarification can lead to errors. Option C is incorrect as refusing to document the prescription altogether is not in the best interest of the patient. Option D is also incorrect as speaking with the client's family is not the appropriate step to clarify a verbal prescription; the healthcare provider should be the primary source for this clarification.
After placing the patient back in bed, what should the nurse do next?
- A. Re-assess the patient.
- B. Complete an incident report.
- C. Notify the health care provider.
- D. Do nothing, no harm has occurred.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After placing the patient back in bed, the nurse should notify the health care provider. This is important because the health care provider needs to be informed of the incident and assess the patient further to ensure no underlying injuries or issues exist. Re-assessing the patient is crucial but notifying the health care provider takes precedence in this situation. Completing an incident report is important for documentation purposes but not the immediate next step. Doing nothing is incorrect as there was an incident involving a fall that needs further evaluation.
What intervention should the nurse implement for a patient receiving a blood transfusion?
- A. Administer antihistamines to prevent allergic reactions.
- B. Monitor the patient for signs of circulatory overload.
- C. Ensure the blood transfusion is completed within 4 hours.
- D. Check the patient's vital signs every 30 minutes during the transfusion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for a patient receiving a blood transfusion is to monitor the patient for signs of circulatory overload. This is crucial to prevent fluid overload, which can lead to serious complications. Administering antihistamines is not a routine intervention during blood transfusions unless the patient shows signs of an allergic reaction. Ensuring the completion of the blood transfusion within a specific time frame is not as critical as monitoring for circulatory overload. Checking vital signs every 30 minutes is essential, but the specific focus should be on monitoring for signs of circulatory overload.
Which action by the nurse will help prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in a patient on mechanical ventilation?
- A. Provide oral care every 4 hours.
- B. Reposition the patient every 2 hours.
- C. Suction the patient as needed.
- D. Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Providing oral care every 4 hours helps prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia by reducing the buildup of bacteria in the mouth that can be aspirated into the lungs. Repositioning the patient every 2 hours is important for preventing pressure ulcers but is not directly related to preventing VAP. Suctioning the patient as needed is essential for maintaining airway patency but does not specifically prevent VAP. Administering antibiotics as prescribed is a treatment for infections but does not prevent VAP.
If a client refuses surgery, but the family insists, what should the nurse do in this situation?
- A. Respect the family's decision and proceed with the surgery.
- B. Respect the client's decision and notify the healthcare provider.
- C. Try to mediate between the family and the client.
- D. Encourage the client to follow their family's wishes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this situation, the nurse should respect the client's decision and notify the healthcare provider. The client has the right to refuse treatment, and the nurse must advocate for the client's autonomy. Proceeding with the surgery against the client's wishes would violate their autonomy and ethical principles. Trying to mediate between the family and the client may be appropriate, but ultimately, the client's decision should be respected. Encouraging the client to follow their family's wishes disregards the client's autonomy and is not ethically appropriate.