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A nurse is preparing a client's body for a postmortem family viewing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Remove the client's dentures to close their mouth.
- B. Place medical equipment to the side of the client's bed.
- C. Lie on the head of the client's bed flat.
- D. Ask the family if they want to participate in postmortem care.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Removing the client's dentures may alter the client's appearance, causing unnecessary distress to the family during the viewing. Dentures should generally be left in place to maintain the natural shape of the client's face.
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The taskforce chair for the development of the new classification manual DSM-5 is
- A. Nancy Andreasen
- B. Norman Sartorious
- C. David Kupfer
- D. Robert Spitzer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: David Kupfer chaired the DSM-5 task force.
A nurse is discussing treatment approaches for bipolar disorder with a client. Which class of medications is considered the gold standard for bipolar disorder treatment due to its efficacy in both acute and maintenance phases?
- A. Antipsychotics
- B. Antidepressants
- C. Benzodiazepines
- D. Mood stabilizers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mood stabilizers like lithium, valproate (divalproex), and lamotrigine are considered the gold standard for bipolar disorder treatment due to their efficacy in managing both acute episodes (manic, hypomanic, and depressive) and providing long-term stabilization. These medications help prevent relapses and mood swings by regulating neurotransmitters and stabilizing mood fluctuations.
A nurse is assessing a child who presents with bruises in various stages of healing on the back, buttocks, and arms. The nurse should suspect which type of abuse based on these findings?
- A. Emotional abuse.
- B. Neglect.
- C. Sexual abuse.
- D. Physical abuse.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice A rationale: Emotional abuse - This type of abuse is primarily psychological and doesn't usually involve physical signs like bruises. Emotional abuse can cause emotional and behavioral changes in children, but bruises are not indicative of emotional abuse. Choice B rationale: Neglect - Neglect often involves failure to provide for a child's basic needs, such as food, shelter, clothing, and medical care. While neglect can lead to various health issues, bruises in different stages of healing suggest physical harm, which is not the primary characteristic of neglect. Choice C rationale: Sexual abuse - Sexual abuse can cause physical and psychological harm, but bruises on various parts of the body are not specific indicators of sexual abuse. Sexual abuse signs usually involve genital or anal trauma, behavioral changes, or specific symptoms related to the abuse. Choice D rationale: Physical abuse - Bruises in various stages of healing on different body parts are consistent with physical abuse. These bruises raise concerns about intentional harm, and their presence suggests the child has been subjected to physical violence or injury.
Clinical features of frontal lobe lesion include-
- A. Disinhibition
- B. Homonymous Hemianopia
- C. Visual agnosia
- D. Receptive aphasia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Disinhibition (impulsivity, inappropriate behavior) is a key feature of frontal lobe damage, unlike the others, which relate to occipital, temporal, or parietal deficits.
A black patient says to a white nurse, 'There's no sense talking. You wouldn't understand because you live in a white world.' The nurse's best action would be to:
- A. explain, 'Yes, I do understand. Everyone goes through the same experiences.'
- B. say, 'Please give an example of something you think I wouldn't understand.'
- C. reassure the patient that nurses interact with people from all cultures.
- D. change the subject to one that is less emotionally disturbing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Having the patient speak in specifics rather than globally will help the nurse understand the patient's perspective. This approach will help the nurse engage the patient. Reassurance and changing the subject are not therapeutic techniques.