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A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin 5 mg PO to a client. The amount available is digoxin 0.5 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 10
Rationale: The correct answer is 10 tablets. To calculate, you divide the total dose needed (5 mg) by the dose per tablet (0.5 mg). 5 mg ÷ 0.5 mg = 10 tablets. The nurse should administer 10 tablets of digoxin to achieve the desired 5 mg dose. Other choices are incorrect because they do not result in the correct dosage amount required for the client.
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A nurse is teaching a class about expected physiological changes in older adult clients. Which of the following changes should the nurse include?
- A. Increase in startle reflex
- B. Increase in muscle mass
- C. Decrease in body fat
- D. Decrease in systolic blood pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase in startle reflex. As individuals age, their neurological system undergoes changes leading to increased sensitivity and exaggerated responses, including an increase in the startle reflex. This change is attributed to alterations in neurotransmitter levels and sensory processing.
Incorrect Answers:
B: Increase in muscle mass - Muscle mass typically decreases with age due to hormonal changes and decreased physical activity.
C: Decrease in body fat - Older adults tend to experience an increase in body fat and a decrease in muscle mass, contributing to changes in body composition.
D: Decrease in systolic blood pressure - While blood pressure tends to increase with age due to changes in blood vessel elasticity and hormonal changes, a decrease in systolic blood pressure is not a common expected physiological change in older adults.
A nurse is taking care of a patient that has a new prescription for labetalol (beta blocker). What adverse effect should the nurse include in the medication education?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Bleeding
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Seizures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bradycardia. Labetalol is a beta blocker that slows down the heart rate by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors. This can lead to bradycardia, which is a slow heart rate. The nurse should educate the patient about this potential adverse effect to prevent any complications.
Hypokalemia (choice A) is not a common adverse effect of labetalol. Bleeding (choice B) is not directly associated with beta blockers like labetalol. Seizures (choice D) are not a typical adverse effect of labetalol. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it directly correlates with the mechanism of action of labetalol.
A nurse on a medical unit is reviewing the laboratory reports for a client. Which of the following laboratory values is the priority to report to the provider?
- A. Potassium level 3 mEq/L
- B. BUN 9.5 mg/dL
- C. Creatinine 0.4 mg/dL
- D. Sodium 135 mEq/L
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Potassium level 3 mEq/L. A potassium level of 3 mEq/L is below the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), indicating hypokalemia. Hypokalemia can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, it is crucial to report this abnormal potassium level promptly to the provider for further evaluation and intervention.
B: BUN 9.5 mg/dL - This is within the normal range (7-20 mg/dL) and does not require immediate intervention.
C: Creatinine 0.4 mg/dL - This is within the normal range (0.6-1.2 mg/dL) and does not indicate an urgent issue.
D: Sodium 135 mEq/L - This is within the normal range (135-145 mEq/L) and does not require immediate action.
A nurse is caring for a client whose partner died 3 years ago and reports that they are still unable to accept the loss. The nurse should identify that the client has manifestations of which of the following types of grief?
- A. Uncomplicated grief
- B. Prolonged grief
- C. Anticipatory grief
- D. Disenfranchised grief
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prolonged grief. This is because the client is still struggling to accept the loss after 3 years, which is indicative of prolonged grief. Uncomplicated grief (Choice A) typically resolves within a reasonable timeframe. Anticipatory grief (Choice C) occurs before the actual loss. Disenfranchised grief (Choice D) is when the individual's grief is not openly acknowledged or socially supported. In this scenario, the client's grief extends beyond the normal grieving process, indicating prolonged grief.
A nurse is teaching a client how to use crutches. Which of the following interventions uses the psychomotor domain of learning?
- A. Describe the steps of walking with crutches for the client
- B. Encourage the client to ask questions about walking with crutches
- C. Show the client a video on walking with crutches
- D. Ask the client to demonstrate walking with crutches
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ask the client to demonstrate walking with crutches. This intervention engages the psychomotor domain of learning by requiring the client to physically demonstrate the skill being taught. This hands-on approach helps the client develop muscle memory and coordination needed to effectively use crutches.
A, B, and C do not directly involve physical action or demonstration by the client. A describes verbal instruction, B encourages questioning and discussion, and C involves visual learning through a video. While these interventions are valuable in the learning process, they do not specifically target the physical practice of using crutches.
In summary, option D is the correct choice as it actively engages the client in practicing the skill, aligning with the psychomotor domain of learning.