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A nurse is preparing to administer fluoxetine 40 mg PO daily. The available medication is fluoxetine 20 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? How many mL of fluoxetine should the nurse administer?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate the mL of fluoxetine to administer, use the formula: desired dose (40 mg) / stock dose (20 mg/mL) = mL to administer. Therefore, 40 mg / 20 mg/mL = 2 mL. This is why choice B (2 mL) is correct. Choice A (1 mL) is incorrect as it does not provide the full dose. Choices C (3 mL) and D (4 mL) are incorrect as they exceed the required dose.
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A nurse is educating a patient with binge eating disorder and morbid obesity who has been prescribed orlistat. Which of the following statements, if made by the patient, would indicate that they understand the teaching? Which statement indicates understanding of orlistat teaching?
- A. I will stop taking orlistat and call my doctor if my urine gets darker in color.
- B. I will take my dose of orlistat every morning an hour before breakfast.
- C. I will feel less hungry during meals while I am taking orlistat.
- D. I will eat a no-fat diet to prevent side effects from the medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will stop taking orlistat and call my doctor if my urine gets darker in color." This statement indicates understanding because dark urine could indicate a potentially serious side effect of orlistat, such as liver problems. Stopping the medication and seeking medical advice in such a situation is crucial for the patient's safety.
Explanation for other choices:
B: Taking orlistat with a meal containing fat is recommended, not on an empty stomach before breakfast.
C: Orlistat does not suppress appetite; it works by blocking the absorption of fat in the intestine.
D: While reducing fat intake is recommended to decrease side effects, a no-fat diet is not necessary and could lead to nutrient deficiencies.
E, F, G: No additional choices provided.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is postoperative following a mastectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote comfort? Which action promotes comfort post-mastectomy?
- A. Elevate the affected arm.
- B. Apply a heating pad to the surgical site.
- C. Encourage deep breathing exercises.
- D. Administer NSAIDs around the clock.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elevate the affected arm. Elevating the affected arm post-mastectomy helps reduce swelling and promote lymphatic drainage, which can alleviate discomfort and promote healing. Elevating the arm also helps improve circulation and prevent complications such as lymphedema.
Choice B: Applying a heating pad to the surgical site is not recommended post-mastectomy as it can increase the risk of burns and skin irritation.
Choice C: While deep breathing exercises are beneficial postoperatively to prevent complications such as pneumonia, it does not directly promote comfort in the context of a mastectomy.
Choice D: Administering NSAIDs around the clock may help manage pain post-mastectomy, but it does not specifically address comfort or promote physical comfort promotion strategies.
A nurse is caring for a patient and notices that the patient's urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has an unpleasant odor. Which of the following conditions should the nurse associate these findings with? Which condition is associated with dark, cloudy, odorous urine?
- A. Urinary retention
- B. Urinary incontinence
- C. Urinary tract infection
- D. Urinary frequency
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urinary tract infection (UTI). Dark amber, cloudy, and odorous urine are common indicators of a UTI. The dark amber color may suggest the presence of blood or concentrated urine due to the infection. Cloudiness can result from the presence of bacteria, white blood cells, or other particles in the urine. The unpleasant odor is often caused by the presence of bacteria breaking down waste products in the urine. Urinary retention (A) usually presents with difficulty emptying the bladder, not changes in urine appearance. Urinary incontinence (B) refers to involuntary leakage of urine and is not typically associated with changes in urine characteristics. Urinary frequency (D) involves frequent urination but does not necessarily cause changes in urine appearance.
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a patient who was injured in a motor-vehicle crash. The patient reports dyspnea and severe pain. The nurse notes that the patient's chest moves inward during inspiration and bulges out during expiration. The nurse should identify this finding as which of the following? What condition is indicated by paradoxical chest movement?
- A. Flail chest
- B. Hemothorax
- C. Atelectasis
- D. Pneumothorax
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Flail chest. Flail chest is characterized by a segment of the rib cage that moves independently due to multiple rib fractures. The paradoxical chest movement, where the chest moves inward during inspiration and bulges out during expiration, is a classic sign of flail chest. This occurs due to the loss of stability in the rib cage, leading to ineffective breathing mechanics.
Incorrect answers:
B: Hemothorax - This is the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, which would not cause paradoxical chest movement.
C: Atelectasis - Atelectasis is the collapse of lung tissue, which would not result in paradoxical chest movement.
D: Pneumothorax - Pneumothorax is the presence of air in the pleural space, which typically causes chest pain and shortness of breath but does not result in paradoxical chest movement.
A nurse is instructing a patient who has just been prescribed bumetanide. What should the nurse include in the instructions? What should the nurse include in bumetanide instructions?
- A. Take the prescribed second dose at nighttime.
- B. Limit your fluid intake to no more than 1.5 L a day.
- C. Report any changes in hearing.
- D. Avoid foods high in potassium.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Report any changes in hearing. Bumetanide is a loop diuretic that can cause ototoxicity, leading to changes in hearing. Instructing the patient to report any changes in hearing is crucial to monitor for potential adverse effects. Choice A is incorrect as bumetanide is usually taken once daily in the morning to prevent nocturia. Choice B is incorrect as the patient may need to increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration. Choice D is incorrect as bumetanide can lead to hypokalemia, so foods high in potassium may be beneficial.