Nokea
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to four clients. The nurse should administer medications to which client first?
- A. A client who has pneumonia and a WBC count of 11,500/mm3 prescribed piperacillin
- B. A client who has renal failure and a serum potassium of 5.8 mEq/L prescribed sodium polystyrene sulfonate
- C. A client who is post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) prescribed atorvastatin
- D. A client who has anemia and a hemoglobin level of 11g/dL prescribed epoetin alfa
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The client with renal failure and high potassium levels requires immediate attention because hyperkalemia can lead to life-threatening cardiac complications. Administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate helps lower the potassium levels. Choice A, the client with pneumonia and a high WBC count, although important, does not present an immediate life-threatening condition. Choice C, the post-CABG client prescribed atorvastatin, and Choice D, the client with anemia and a hemoglobin level of 11g/dL prescribed epoetin alfa, do not require immediate intervention compared to managing hyperkalemia in a client with renal failure.
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A healthcare provider is completing discharge teaching to a client about nutrition therapy for wound healing following major surgery. Which of the following vitamins that promote wound healing should the healthcare provider include in the teaching? (SATA)
- A. Vitamin B12
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for wound healing due to its role in collagen production. Collagen is crucial for wound repair and the formation of new tissue. Vitamin B12 is important for nerve function and DNA synthesis but is not directly related to wound healing. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and bone health but does not directly promote wound healing. Vitamin D plays a role in bone health and immune function but is not a primary vitamin involved in wound healing.
A client has a new prescription for guaifenesin. What information regarding the action of guaifenesin should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Decreases mucus production
- B. Reduces nasal congestion
- C. Increases cough production
- D. Reduces fever
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Increases cough production.' Guaifenesin is an expectorant that works by increasing cough production to help clear secretions from the airways. Option A is incorrect because guaifenesin does not decrease mucus production but rather helps to make the mucus easier to cough up. Option B is incorrect as guaifenesin does not reduce nasal congestion. Option D is incorrect because guaifenesin does not have any effect on reducing fever.
The nurse asks a client who is about to have a cardiac catheterization about any allergies. The client states, 'I always get a rash when I eat shellfish.' Which of the following is the priority nursing action?
- A. Attach a wristband indicating the client's allergy
- B. Ask the client if any other foods cause such a reaction
- C. Notify the dietary department of the client's allergy
- D. Notify the provider of the client's allergy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Notifying the provider of the client's shellfish allergy is crucial to prevent a potential reaction from the contrast dye. While attaching a wristband indicating the allergy may be necessary, the priority is to inform the provider. Asking the client about other foods causing a similar reaction or notifying the dietary department, although important, are not the priority in this situation.
A nurse is caring for a client and realizes they have administered the wrong medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Notify the provider
- B. Check the condition of the client
- C. Document the occurrence in the electronic medical record
- D. Complete an incident report
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to 'Check the condition of the client' first. When a medication error occurs, the nurse's initial priority should be to assess the client's condition to address any immediate harm or side effects. Notifying the provider can come after ensuring the client's safety. Documenting the occurrence in the electronic medical record and completing an incident report are important steps but should follow the assessment of the client's condition to prioritize patient safety.
A nurse in an emergency department is preparing a change-of-shift report for an adult client who is transferring to a medical-surgical unit using the SBAR communication tool. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the report?
- A. The client has a do-not-resuscitate order.
- B. The client has a continuous IV of lactated Ringer's.
- C. The client was straight catheterized for 350 mL 2 hours ago.
- D. The client has Medicare insurance.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In an SBAR report, key information such as the client's do-not-resuscitate (DNR) status should be included as it directly impacts the client's care and treatment plan. Choices B and C are important details but may not be as critical for immediate care planning during the shift change. Choice D, the client having Medicare insurance, is important for billing purposes but does not directly impact the client's immediate care needs.