Nokea
A nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerin intravenously. Which of the following would be important for the nurse to keep in mind? Select all that apply.
- A. Using glass bottles
- B. Using non-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) infusion sets
- C. Administering the drug as an IV bolus
- D. Diluting the drug with normal saline
- E. Using a gravity flow rate of infusion
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: When administering IV nitroglycerin, the nurse should dilute it with normal saline or 5% dextrose in water, administer the drug by continuous infusion using an infusion pump for accuracy, and use glass IV bottles and non-PVC infusion sets. The dose is regulated based on client response.
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When discussing the use of antianginal drugs for the treatment of cardiac disease, a nurse would expect to include which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Relief of pain of acute anginal attacks
- B. Reduction in serum triglyceride levels
- C. Prevention of anginal attacks
- D. Elevation of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
- E. Treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Antianginal drugs are used to relieve the pain of acute anginal attacks, prevent anginal attacks, and treat chronic stable angina pectoris. Antianginals have no effect on HDLs or triglycerides.
When instructing the client on how to use the prescribed nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse would tell the client to use which of the following to determine the amount?
- A. A teaspoon
- B. Length of a finger
- C. Paper applicator
- D. The size of the previous dose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The topical ointment is supplied with a paper applicator to determine the amount of drug to be used. No other method is appropriate.
After reviewing information about antianginal drugs, a student demonstrates understanding by identifying which of the following as indicated for the prevention of angina pectoris? Select all that apply.
- A. Diltiazem
- B. Isosorbide mononitrate
- C. Topical nitroglycerin
- D. Oral nitroglycerin
- E. Amlodipine
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: All nitrates are indicated for the prevention of angina pectoris. Diltiazem and amlodipine are used to treat chronic stable angina.
Which of the following does the nurse need to include as part of the physical assessment of a client with anginal pain? Select all that apply.
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Apical pulse
- C. Oxygen saturation
- D. Radial pulse
- E. Respiratory rate
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The nurse's physical assessment of a client with angina should include blood pressure, respiratory rate, and apical and radial pulses. The physical assessment may also include weight, inspection of the extremities for edema, and auscultation of the lungs, depending on the type of heart failure.
When a nurse is obtaining a history from a client regarding anginal pain, which of the following should be included? Select all that apply.
- A. Duration of the pain
- B. Events that relieve anginal pain
- C. Events that trigger anginal pain
- D. Description of the pain
- E. Whether the pain radiates
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: A client history regarding anginal pain should include a description of the pain, whether the pain radiates and to where it radiates, what events appear to trigger the pain, and what events appear to relieve the pain.