Nokea
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 30 mEq PO daily. The amount available is potassium chloride 20 mEq/15mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. (Do not use a trailing zero))
Correct Answer: 22.6 mL
Rationale: 30 mEq ÷ (20 mEq/15 mL) = 22.56 mL, rounded to 22.6 mL.
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A nurse is phoning a provider to report a client's serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?
- A. Potassium iodide.
- B. Lactulose.
- C. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
- D. Acetylcysteine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestines, lowering serum potassium levels.
A client who is taking nitrofurantoin for a urinary tract infection voices a concern to the clinic nurse about voiding brown-colored urine. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. Drinking more fluid will prevent your urine from becoming brown.
- B. Brown-colored urine is a harmless side effect of the medication.
- C. The provider will change your medication because your infection is not resolving with nitrofurantoin.
- D. An increase of RBC destruction in your blood can result in brown-colored urine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brown-colored urine is a harmless side effect of nitrofurantoin due to the medication itself, not indicating harm.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is waiting for transport to dialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Diaphoresis.
- B. Hypotension.
- C. Peripheral edema.
- D. Facial flushing.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral edema is common in end-stage kidney disease due to the kidneys' inability to remove excess fluid.
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has osteoarthritis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. Osteoarthritis is caused by inflammation that affects both joints and other body tissues.
- B. Osteoarthritis happens in several phases when deposits of crystals develop in joints and soft tissues.
- C. Osteoarthritis occurs due to the aging process and results in disintegration of cartilage in a joint.
- D. Osteoarthritis is due to loss of calcium in the bones, which can lead to increased risk for bone fractures.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease due to aging and cartilage disintegration, as correctly understood.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about minimizing the effects of reflux during sleep. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I can have 6 ounces of alcohol before bed to help me sleep.
- B. I will have a snack 1 hour before going to bed.
- C. I should elevate the head of the bed.
- D. I will sleep on my stomach with my head flat.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed helps reduce acid reflux by keeping stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus during sleep.