Nokea
A nurse is preparing to complete an admission assessment on a 2-year-old child. The child is sitting on the parent's lap. Which technique should the nurse implement to complete the physical exam?
- A. Ask the parent to place the child in the hospital crib.
- B. Take the child and parent to the exam room.
- C. Perform the exam while the child is on the parent's lap.
- D. Ask the child to stand by the parent while completing the exam.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate technique in this scenario would be to perform the exam while the child is on the parent's lap. This approach helps build trust and comfort for the child, as they are in a familiar and secure environment. It can also help the nurse assess the child's behavior and interactions with the parent during the exam, providing valuable information about the child's developmental stage and emotional well-being. Additionally, conducting the exam in this way can help reduce anxiety and fear that the child may experience in an unfamiliar setting like the hospital crib or exam room.
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A nursing intervention for anemia is:
- A. Medical therapy
- B. High protein, vitamin and iron diet
- C. Fluid therapy
- D. Chemotherapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anemia is a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count or insufficient hemoglobin levels, resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. One of the nursing interventions for anemia is to promote a high protein, vitamin, and iron diet. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. Including foods rich in iron, such as lean meats, dark leafy greens, beans, and fortified cereals, can help boost iron levels in the body. Additionally, consuming foods high in vitamin C can also aid in iron absorption. Protein is crucial for overall health and plays a role in red blood cell production. By encouraging a nutrient-rich diet, nurses can help support the body's ability to replenish its red blood cell supply and improve the symptoms associated with anemia.
Which is descriptive of central nervous system stimulants?
- A. They produce strong physical dependence.
- B. They can result in strong psychological dependence.
- C. Withdrawal symptoms are life threatening.
- D. Acute intoxication can lead to coma.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, such as amphetamines and cocaine, are known to produce strong psychological dependence in individuals who use them. These substances can create a powerful craving for their effects due to their ability to increase alertness, attention, and euphoria. Psychological dependence can lead to compulsive drug-seeking behavior, even in the absence of physical withdrawal symptoms. It is important to note that while CNS stimulants can lead to physical dependence, it is typically not as pronounced as the psychological dependence that can develop.
All the following are features of rapid eye movement (REM) EXCEPT
- A. polysomnography
- B. EEG
- C. fibro-optic nasopharngeal examination
- D. CT scan of head and neck
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CT scan of head and neck is not a feature of REM sleep; it is an imaging study unrelated to the physiological characteristics of REM sleep.
Almost all of the diseases detected in neonatal screening programs have a very low prevalence; the strategy is to use the initial screening test to separate a highly suspect group from normal and then follow this suspect group aggressively. Of the following, the disease that has low prevalence rendering it not useful for neonatal screening testing is
- A. phenylketonuria
- B. hypothyroidism
- C. cystic fibrosis
- D. neuroblastoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neuroblastoma has a very low prevalence and is not typically screened for in neonatal programs due to its rarity and the inefficiency of mass screening for such a condition.
A 2 years old girl presents with blue discoloration of nails and lips. On examination she is cyanosed and clubbed, heart auscultation reveals a short systolic murmur at left upper sternal border. The most likely diagnosis is?
- A. VSD
- B. Tetralogy of Fallot
- C. Tricuspid atresia
- D. Trunchus arteriosus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot typically causes cyanosis, clubbing, and a systolic murmur due to right-to-left shunting.