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A nurse is preparing to teach a class related to risk factors for cancer to a diverse ethnic group attending a health fair. The nurse should be aware:
- A. that Hispanic women overestimate the prevalence of cancer and strictly following breast self-examination guidelines.
- B. of the importance of risk factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption that increase esophageal cancer when speaking with black.
- C. that American-Indian women have a higher rate of ovarian cancer than the general population.
- D. that cancer as well as heart disease and stroke are lower in ethnic groups.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it provides accurate information about a specific risk factor related to a particular ethnic group. American-Indian women do have a higher rate of ovarian cancer than the general population, making it crucial for the nurse to be aware of this when teaching about cancer risk factors.
A is incorrect as it discusses breast cancer and not ovarian cancer. B is incorrect as it mentions esophageal cancer, which is not the specific focus of the question. D is also incorrect as it makes a general statement about cancer, heart disease, and stroke in ethnic groups without providing specific information about ovarian cancer in American-Indian women.
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Nurses caring for the victims of a mass casualty incident:
- A. determine the common terminology to be used by hospitals and participating agencies.
- B. take charge of communicating with the news media.
- C. determine whether there is a credible threat of a terrorist attack.
- D. give priority for care to those with the greatest chance of survival rather than those most critically ill.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because prioritizing care based on the greatest chance of survival maximizes the number of lives saved in a mass casualty incident. This approach follows the principle of triage, which aims to allocate resources efficiently. Choice A is incorrect as it pertains to coordination rather than immediate patient care. Choice B is incorrect as it is not the primary role of nurses during a mass casualty incident. Choice C is incorrect as determining a credible threat is the responsibility of security and law enforcement, not nurses.
A novice nurse is in the "rejection phase" of stress and wonders if she made the right decision when deciding nursing was her chosen career. Which strategy would help the novice nurse cope with transition into practice and reduce stress?
- A. When asked by the charge nurse to accept the new admission even though she had no discharges, the novice nurse stops and considers if this request is acceptable and safe, then accepts the assignment based on two patients having a low acuity level.
- B. Refusing to eat anywhere but the hospital cafeteria to ensure a balanced diet and time to socialize with other staff and visitors.
- C. Avoid wasting time by listening to coworkers' problems or ideas on how to staff the unit during the upcoming holiday since the novice nurse's time is valuable and better spent getting her own work completed.
- D. Make an effort to "win over" hostile or angry coworkers who find fault with the novice nurse's work performance.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates a proactive and thoughtful approach to decision-making. By stopping to consider the request and assessing its safety implications before accepting it based on patient acuity levels, the novice nurse is prioritizing patient safety and her own capabilities. This strategy helps her cope with the transition into practice by promoting critical thinking and confidence in her decision-making skills.
Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
B: Refusing to eat anywhere but the hospital cafeteria may lead to social isolation and restrict the novice nurse's ability to engage with others outside of work.
C: Ignoring coworkers' problems or staffing ideas can create a negative work environment and hinder teamwork, potentially increasing stress levels for the novice nurse.
D: Focusing on winning over hostile coworkers may detract from the novice nurse's professional growth and cause unnecessary stress from seeking validation from others.
The nurse manager is planning staffing levels and realizes that the first step is to:
- A. know the intensity of care needed by patients according to physical and psychosocial factors.
- B. examine the educational level of the staff.
- C. assess the skill level of caregivers.
- D. review the budget to determine the financial consequences of past staffing patterns.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because knowing the intensity of care needed by patients based on physical and psychosocial factors is essential to determine appropriate staffing levels. Understanding patient needs ensures adequate staff allocation for quality care delivery. Examining staff education (B) and skill level (C) is important but comes after assessing patient needs. Reviewing the budget (D) is necessary but should not be the first step in staffing planning.
According to current data related to the nursing shortage: (select all that apply)
- A. salaries of nurses are competitive with those of other professionals such as teachers.
- B. only 19% of nurses are minorities.
- C. overall, nurses are satisfied with their jobs but leave the profession because of fear of contracting fatal diseases.
- D. the employment opportunities for nurses continue to be strong.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for Answer D: The correct answer is D because the statement aligns with current data indicating a strong demand for nurses leading to ample job opportunities. This information is supported by various reports and studies highlighting the ongoing nursing shortage and the need for more healthcare professionals. Employment opportunities for nurses are indeed robust, with job growth projected to continue in the coming years due to factors like an aging population and increasing healthcare needs.
Summary of Other Choices:
A: Salaries of nurses being competitive with other professionals like teachers may vary depending on location and specialty, but it is not a direct indicator of the nursing shortage.
B: The percentage of minority nurses is not directly related to the nursing shortage issue, making this statement irrelevant to the current data on the shortage.
C: Job satisfaction and reasons for leaving the nursing profession may include various factors, but fear of contracting diseases is not a primary reason cited in current data on the nursing shortage.
The disaster medical assistance team works quickly to contain contaminants from a chemical plant explosion. Afterward, personnel undergo a special process to remove harmful chemicals from equipment and supplies. This removal process is known as:
- A. containment.
- B. decontamination.
- C. triage.
- D. scene assessment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: decontamination. Decontamination is the process of removing harmful chemicals from equipment and supplies to prevent further exposure and contamination. In this scenario, the disaster medical assistance team is working to contain contaminants first and then proceed with decontamination to ensure the safety of personnel. Containment (choice A) refers to preventing the spread of contaminants, not removing them. Triage (choice C) is the process of prioritizing patients based on the severity of their injuries, not removing chemicals. Scene assessment (choice D) involves evaluating the situation to determine the extent of the disaster, not the removal of harmful chemicals.