Nokea
A nurse is providing community education about preventing traumatic musculoskeletal injuries related to car crashes. Which group does the nurse target as the priority for this education?
- A. High school football team
- B. High school home room
- C. Middle-aged men
- D. Older adult women
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Young men are at highest risk for musculoskeletal injury due to trauma, especially due to motor vehicle crashes. The high school football team, with its roster of young males, is the priority group.
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A school nurse is conducting scoliosis screening. In screening the client, what technique is most appropriate?
- A. Bending forward from the hips
- B. Sitting upright with arms outstretched
- C. Walking across the room and back
- D. Walking with both eyes closed
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To assess for scoliosis, a spinal deformity, the student should bend forward at the hips. Standing behind the student, the nurse looks for a lateral curve in the spine. The other actions are not correct.
A client had an arthroscopy 1 hour ago on the left knee. The nurse finds the left lower leg to be pale and cool, with 1+ pedal pulses. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Assess the neurovascular status of the right leg.
- B. Document the findings in the clients chart.
- C. Elevate the left leg on at least two pillows.
- D. Notify the provider of the findings immediately.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should compare findings of the two legs as these findings may be normal for the client. If a difference is observed, the nurse notifies the provider. Documentation should occur after the nurse has all the data. Elevating the left leg will not improve perfusion if there is a problem.
A client is distressed at body changes related to kyphosis. What response by the nurse is best?
- A. Ask the client to explain more about these feelings.
- B. Explain that these changes are irreversible.
- C. Offer to help select clothes to hide the deformity.
- D. Tell the client safety is more important than looks.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process, and the nurse should begin by getting as much information about the client's feelings as possible. Explaining that the changes are irreversible discounts the client's feelings. Depending on the extent of the deformity, clothing will not hide it. While safety is more objectively important than looks, the client is worried about looks and the nurse needs to address this issue.
The nurse knows that hematopoiesis occurs in what part of the musculoskeletal system?
- A. Cancellous tissue
- B. Cellow tissue
- C. Red marrow
- D. Yellow marrow
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hematopoiesis occurs in the red marrow, which is part of the cancellous tissues containing both types of bone tissue.
A student nurse learns about changes that occur to the musculoskeletal system due to aging. Which changes clearly lead to increased safety risks?
- A. Increased bone density leads to stiffness.
- B. Increased joint flexibility enhances mobility.
- C. Osteoporosis is a universal occurrence.
- D. Decreased muscle mass reduces strength.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decreased muscle mass reduces strength, which increases the risk of falls and injuries in older adults. Increased bone density is not typical with aging; osteoporosis, not universal, increases fracture risk but is not guaranteed. Increased joint flexibility is not a common aging change.