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A nurse is providing education to a group of adolescents who are pregnant and attending high school. Which of the following information should the nurse include in their teaching?
- A. The need for supplemental folic acid is greatest during the third trimester
- B. The incidence of high birth weight infants is higher in adolescent pregnancy
- C. Pregnant adolescents need to gain less weight than adult mothers
- D. Caffeinated beverages should be replaced with caffeine-free beverages
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Caffeinated beverages should be replaced with caffeine-free beverages. Pregnant adolescents should limit their caffeine intake as excessive caffeine can lead to complications during pregnancy. Caffeine can cross the placenta and affect the baby's heart rate and sleep patterns. It is important for pregnant adolescents to switch to caffeine-free beverages to ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and baby.
A: The need for supplemental folic acid is not specific to the third trimester, it is important throughout pregnancy.
B: The incidence of high birth weight infants is not necessarily higher in adolescent pregnancy compared to adult mothers.
C: Pregnant adolescents actually need to gain weight within the recommended range, similar to adult mothers, to support fetal growth and development.
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A nurse case manager is providing discharge planning for a client. The nurse is functioning in which of the following roles when arranging for the delivery of medical equipment to the client's home?
- A. Consultant
- B. Systems allocator
- C. Coordinator
- D. Advocate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Coordinator. In this scenario, the nurse is functioning as a coordinator by arranging for the delivery of medical equipment to the client's home. As a coordinator, the nurse is organizing and facilitating the necessary resources and services to meet the client's needs. This role involves collaborating with various healthcare providers and agencies to ensure a smooth transition for the client post-discharge.
The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Consultant - This role involves providing expert advice or recommendations based on specialized knowledge. The nurse in the scenario is not simply providing advice but actively coordinating services.
B: Systems allocator - This role involves allocating resources within a healthcare system. While the nurse is arranging for resources, the focus is on the specific client's needs rather than broader system allocation.
D: Advocate - This role involves speaking up for the client's rights and needs. While advocacy may be a part of the nurse's role, in this scenario, the primary focus is on coordination of services.
A nurse is planning a program about healthy eating at an elementary school where most students select French fries and pizza at lunch every day. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
- A. Give positive feedback to students who make appropriate choices.
- B. Help students recognize the value of making healthy food choices.
- C. Provide students with resources about making wise choices independently.
- D. Determine students' motivation to learn about healthy food choices.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Determine students' motivation to learn about healthy food choices. This is the first step because understanding the students' motivation will help tailor the program effectively. By assessing their motivation, the nurse can identify potential barriers to making healthy choices and address them in the program. Positive feedback (A) and resources (C) are important but should come after understanding motivation. Helping students recognize the value of healthy choices (B) is crucial, but motivation assessment precedes this step.
A home health nurse is caring for a client who has chemotherapy-induced nausea that has been resistant to relief from pharmacological measures. Which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate? (Select all that apply)
- A. Use seasonings to enhance the flavor of foods
- B. Provide sips of room temperature ginger ale between meals
- C. Maintain the head of the client's bed in an elevated position after eating
- D. Offer 120 ml (4 oz.) of cold 2% milk as a meal replacement
- E. Assist the client in using guided imagery
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: The correct interventions for the client with chemotherapy-induced nausea are B, C, and E.
B: Providing sips of room temperature ginger ale can help alleviate nausea due to its antiemetic properties.
C: Maintaining the head of the client's bed in an elevated position after eating can prevent acid reflux and reduce nausea.
E: Assisting the client in using guided imagery can help distract from nausea and promote relaxation.
Incorrect choices:
A: Using seasonings may exacerbate nausea in some clients.
D: Offering cold milk as a meal replacement may not be well-tolerated by a nauseated client and could worsen symptoms.
In summary, the correct interventions focus on soothing the stomach, promoting relaxation, and preventing exacerbation of nausea, while the incorrect choices may not directly address the client's symptoms or could potentially worsen them.
A community health nurse is providing teaching to a group of clients who have alcohol use disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching as a manifestation of alcohol withdrawal?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Hypothermia
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Insomnia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Insomnia. Alcohol withdrawal commonly presents with symptoms such as difficulty sleeping, restlessness, and anxiety due to the disruption of the central nervous system. Insomnia is a hallmark manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Bradycardia (A) is not typically associated with alcohol withdrawal; instead, tachycardia is more common. Hypothermia (B) is rare in alcohol withdrawal, as alcohol tends to cause vasodilation and can lead to increased body temperature. Increased appetite (C) is not a typical symptom of alcohol withdrawal; in fact, decreased appetite or nausea is more common. Therefore, the correct choice is D based on the typical manifestations of alcohol withdrawal.
A community health nurse is planning an educational program for a group of women who are postmenopausal. Which of the following outcomes is appropriate for this program?
- A. Clients will schedule bone density screening
- B. Clients will arrange for mammograms every 3 years
- C. Clients will start hormone replacement therapy
- D. Clients will significantly decrease caloric intake
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clients will schedule bone density screening. This outcome is appropriate because postmenopausal women are at increased risk for osteoporosis, making bone density screening crucial for early detection and prevention. It is a proactive measure to assess bone health and reduce the risk of fractures.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
B: Clients will arrange for mammograms every 3 years - While mammograms are important for breast cancer screening, the focus of this program is on postmenopausal women's specific health needs related to bone health.
C: Clients will start hormone replacement therapy - Hormone replacement therapy has risks and benefits and should be individualized based on a woman's specific health history and needs. It is not a universal recommendation for all postmenopausal women.
D: Clients will significantly decrease caloric intake - Caloric intake is important for overall health, but the specific focus of this program is on bone health and screening, not weight management.