Nokea
A nurse is providing education to a patient with chronic kidney disease. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Increase protein intake.
- B. Increase potassium intake.
- C. Limit phosphorus and potassium intake.
- D. Decrease fluid intake.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Limit phosphorus and potassium intake. Patients with chronic kidney disease often have difficulty excreting phosphorus and potassium, leading to potential complications. Limiting phosphorus and potassium intake can help prevent further kidney damage and maintain electrolyte balance. Prioritizing this dietary recommendation is crucial for managing the progression of the disease.
Incorrect choices:
A: Increasing protein intake can put additional strain on the kidneys and may lead to further deterioration of kidney function.
B: Increasing potassium intake can be dangerous for patients with chronic kidney disease as they may have difficulty regulating potassium levels.
D: Decreasing fluid intake may be necessary in some cases, but it is not the priority in terms of managing chronic kidney disease.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse is providing education to a patient about managing hypertension. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further education?
- A. I will monitor my blood pressure regularly.
- B. I should take my medication at the same time each day.
- C. I will avoid eating high-sodium foods.
- D. I can stop taking my medication once my blood pressure returns to normal.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because stopping medication once blood pressure returns to normal can lead to a relapse of hypertension. Step 1: Educate the patient that hypertension is a chronic condition requiring long-term management. Step 2: Explain the importance of continuing medication even when blood pressure is controlled. Step 3: Emphasize the risks of stopping medication abruptly. Other choices are incorrect because they promote positive behaviors for hypertension management: A: Monitoring blood pressure is essential. B: Taking medication consistently is crucial. C: Avoiding high-sodium foods helps control blood pressure.
A patient is describing his symptoms to the nurse. Which of the following statements is a description of the setting of his symptoms?
- A. "It is a sharp, burning pain in my stomach."
- B. "I also have the sweats and nausea when I feel this pain."
- C. "I think this pain is telling me that something is wrong with me."
- D. "This pain happens every time I sit down to use the computer."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it describes the setting of the symptoms by specifying when the pain occurs (every time the patient sits down to use the computer). This detail helps identify possible triggers or patterns associated with the pain. Choices A, B, and C focus on the nature or characteristics of the pain rather than the setting, making them incorrect. Choice A describes the type of pain, choice B includes associated symptoms, and choice C reflects the patient's interpretation of the pain, none of which directly address the setting of the symptoms.
A nurse is taking health history from a patient. The nurse observes the patient's nonverbal behaviors such as hand wringing, avoiding eye contact, and shifting in the seat. Which of the following would be an appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. Ask the patient to explain what they are feeling and what might have caused the behavior.
- B. Remain silent and allow the patient to continue at their own pace.
- C. Ask the patient if they feel nervous or worried about the pregnancy.
- D. Focus on making the patient feel heard and understood.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it demonstrates empathy and addresses the patient's potential emotions directly. By asking if the patient feels nervous or worried about the pregnancy, the nurse acknowledges the observed nonverbal behaviors and opens the door for the patient to express their feelings. This approach shows sensitivity and may help the patient feel understood and supported.
Choice A is incorrect because directly asking the patient to explain what they are feeling might come off as intrusive and could make the patient uncomfortable. Choice B is not ideal as remaining silent may lead to missed opportunities for the patient to share their concerns. Choice D, while important, does not address the specific nonverbal cues observed and may not prompt the patient to open up about their emotions.
What is the most important intervention for a client experiencing an allergic reaction?
- A. Administer epinephrine
- B. Administer antihistamines
- C. Administer corticosteroids
- D. Administer beta-blockers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer epinephrine. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction. It works by constricting blood vessels, increasing heart rate, and opening airways, which can reverse the life-threatening effects of an allergic reaction. Antihistamines (B) may help with mild symptoms but are not sufficient for severe reactions. Corticosteroids (C) are used to reduce inflammation but work too slowly for immediate relief. Beta-blockers (D) can worsen allergic reactions by blocking the effects of epinephrine.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with an acute myocardial infarction. The nurse should prioritize which of the following actions?
- A. Administering pain medication
- B. Performing a head-to-toe assessment
- C. Establishing an intravenous line
- D. Administering oxygen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Administering oxygen
Rationale:
1. Oxygen is crucial in acute myocardial infarction to improve oxygenation and reduce myocardial workload.
2. Administering oxygen helps alleviate ischemia and prevents further damage.
3. Prioritizing oxygenation before pain medication or assessment ensures immediate intervention for the patient's well-being.
Summary of other choices:
A: Administering pain medication - Important for comfort but not the priority in acute myocardial infarction.
B: Performing a head-to-toe assessment - Necessary but not as urgent as ensuring oxygenation.
C: Establishing an intravenous line - Helpful but not as critical as administering oxygen in this scenario.