Nokea
A diabetic patient who has reported burning foot pain at night receives a new prescription. Which information should the nurse teach the patient about amitriptyline (Elavil)?
- A. Amitriptyline decreases the depression caused by your foot pain.
- B. Amitriptyline helps prevent transmission of pain impulses to the brain.
- C. Amitriptyline corrects some of the blood vessel changes that cause pain.
- D. Amitriptyline improves sleep and reduces awareness of nighttime pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that works by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, thus helping to prevent the transmission of pain impulses to the brain. This mechanism of action is effective in managing neuropathic pain, such as burning foot pain in diabetic patients. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because amitriptyline's primary mechanism of action is related to its effects on neurotransmitter reuptake, not directly related to mood improvement, blood vessel changes, or sleep improvement.
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A manager has a budget request deadline today at 3:00. He stops his work to answer the phone, check emails as they arrive, and speak with staff who stop by his office. As a result, he misses the deadline. What best describes the cause of missing his deadline?
- A. Goal setting
- B. Organization
- C. Time wasters
- D. Assertiveness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Time wasters. The manager missed the deadline due to distractions such as answering phone calls, checking emails, and engaging with staff, which are all considered time-wasting activities. These distractions prevented him from focusing on the task at hand, leading to missing the deadline. Goal setting (choice A) is about defining objectives, not the immediate cause of missing the deadline. Organization (choice B) refers to structuring tasks efficiently, which the manager failed to do. Assertiveness (choice D) relates to standing up for oneself and making decisions, not the primary reason for missing the deadline in this scenario.
Although technology has seen many advances, which two ethical principles may be in conflict because of technology?
- A. Beneficence and justice
- B. Beneficence and nonmaleficence
- C. Beneficence and veracity
- D. Beneficence and confidentiality
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Beneficence and nonmaleficence. Beneficence refers to doing good and nonmaleficence refers to avoiding harm. Technology can create ethical conflicts because advancements may aim to benefit individuals (beneficence) but could also potentially cause harm (nonmaleficence). Other choices are incorrect: A) Justice is about fairness in distribution, not in conflict with beneficence; C) Veracity is truth-telling, not in direct conflict with beneficence; D) Confidentiality involves privacy, which is not directly in conflict with beneficence.
Quality management and benchmarking are two approaches used to improve the quality of care. The major difference between these two approaches is which of the following?
- A. Quality management is not useful in the outpatient setting
- B. Benchmarking compares outcomes in a variety of settings and disciplines
- C. Quality management is used only in the primary care setting
- D. Benchmarking looks only at outcomes specific to nursing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benchmarking compares outcomes in a variety of settings and disciplines. Quality management focuses on establishing processes to ensure quality care within a specific setting, while benchmarking involves comparing performance metrics across different settings and disciplines to identify best practices and areas for improvement. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it highlights the key difference between quality management and benchmarking.
Incorrect answers:
A: Quality management can be useful in any healthcare setting, not limited to outpatient.
C: Quality management is applicable across various healthcare settings, not just primary care.
D: Benchmarking looks at outcomes in various areas, not just nursing.
A client discharges AMA (against medical advice). This is an example of the _________ type of risk category?
- A. nurse-focused
- B. physician-focused
- C. medical-legal incident
- D. Patient-focused
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: medical-legal incident. When a client discharges AMA, it poses medical-legal risks for healthcare providers. This includes potential liability if the client experiences adverse outcomes post-discharge. Other choices are incorrect because discharging AMA is not solely focused on nurses (A) or physicians (B), but involves legal implications. It is also not purely patient-focused (D) as it impacts the healthcare team's legal responsibilities.
Successful professional nurses benefit from working with mentors. What mutually rewarding outcomes are realized in mentoring relationships? (EXCEPT)
- A. Instilling a sense of accomplishing a meaningful effort
- B. Assuming each other's characteristics
- C. Fostering an interdependent relationship
- D. Promoting self-esteem
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assuming each other's characteristics. In mentoring relationships, the mentor provides guidance, support, and knowledge to the mentee. The mentee learns from the mentor's experience and expertise, but they should not aim to assume the mentor's characteristics. The mentee should develop their own skills and strengths, not mimic the mentor. This is important for the mentee's professional growth and individuality. Choices A, C, and D are all positive outcomes of mentoring relationships, as they focus on achieving goals, building interdependence, and enhancing self-esteem through support and learning.