Nokea
A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions with a parent of a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements by the parent Indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will provide low-fat meals for my child.
- B. I will restrict the amount of salt in my child's meals.
- C. I will put my child in daycare to ensure that she socializes with other children.
- D. I will make sure my child washes her hands before eating.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hand hygiene is crucial for preventing infections which are a significant risk for children with cystic fibrosis.
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A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with a parent of a toddler. The parent tells the nurse that her toddler drinks a quart of milk a day. The nurse should recognize that the toddler is at risk for which of the following disorders?
- A. Beriberi
- B. Dehydration
- C. Diabetes mellitus
- D. Iron-deficiency anemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Excessive milk can lead to iron-deficiency anemia because milk is low in iron and can interfere with iron absorption from other foods.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who is receiving carbamazepine (Tegretol) for partial seizure disorder. Which of the following statements by the adolescent's parent is the priority for the nurse to address?
- A. He takes his medication between meals with water.
- B. He only sleeps about 5 hours each night.
- C. He seems to be getting a lot more bumps and bruises lately.
- D. He has not been eating as much lately.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased bruising can indicate thrombocytopeniaa potential side effect of carbamazepine which can lead to serious bleeding issues.
A nurse is preparing to administer a dexamethasone 1.5 mg/kg/day PO to divide equally every 6 hr to a preschool-age child who weighs 22 lb. Available is dexamethasone oral solution 1 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 3.8 mL
- B. 2.8 mL
- C. 4.8 mL
- D. 1.8 mL
Correct Answer: 3.8
Rationale: Calculation: 22 lb ÷ 2.2 = 10 kg; 1.5 mg/kg/day × 10 kg = 15 mg/day; 15 mg ÷ 4 doses = 3.75 mg/dose; 3.75 mg × 1 mL/1 mg = 3.8 mL.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent. The nurse should expect that the adolescent is working on which of the following developmental tasks?
- A. Defining a sense of self
- B. Learning to perform tasks independently
- C. Learning to use creative energies
- D. Building a sense of trust
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adolescence is characterized by the search for identity and defining a sense of self. Erikson identifies this stage as "Identity vs. Role Confusion where individuals explore and form their own identity separate from their family and childhood roles.
A nurse is caring for a toddler who is scheduled to have a lumbar puncture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Restrain the toddler for 1 hr after the procedure.
- B. Place the toddler in a side-lying
- C. knee-chest position.
- D. Ask another nurse to assist with holding the toddler in a prone position.
- E. Swaddle the toddler in a warm blanket.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This position helps to open the spaces between vertebrae, facilitating the lumbar puncture.