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A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a prescription for antibiotic therapy. The client reports experiencing diarrhea when taking antibiotics. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to lessen the occurrence of diarrhea?
- A. Coffee
- B. Ice cream
- C. Apple juice
- D. Yogurt
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Yogurt's probiotics help restore gut flora, reducing antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Coffee, ice cream, and apple juice may worsen diarrhea due to their diuretic, lactose, or sugar content.
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A nurse is implementing a bladder training program for a client who had a stroke. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take first?
- A. Assist the client with relaxation techniques.
- B. Discourage intake of carbonated beverages.
- C. Offer toileting opportunities every 1 to 2 hr.
- D. Determine the client's pattern for voiding.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assessing the client's voiding pattern first provides baseline data to tailor the bladder training program, ensuring interventions like toileting schedules or dietary changes are effective.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous enteral feeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Check gastric residual volume every 4 hr.
- B. Flush the tube with water every 12 hr.
- C. Position the client supine during feeding.
- D. Change the feeding bag every 48 hr.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking residual volume every 4 hours assesses tolerance, preventing aspiration. Flushing is more frequent, supine positioning risks aspiration, and bags change every 24 hours.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for valsartan. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. You should take this medication with a high-potassium meal.
- B. You might experience a cough while taking this medication.
- C. You need to avoid exercise while taking this medication.
- D. You can take this medication at any time of day.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valsartan's timing is flexible, aiding compliance. Potassium meals, cough (less common than with ACE inhibitors), or exercise limits aren't primary concerns.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. Take one tablet every 10 min for chest pain.
- B. You might feel a headache after taking this medication.
- C. Swallow the tablet with water for best results.
- D. Store the tablets in a clear plastic bag.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nitroglycerin often causes headaches due to vasodilation. It's taken every 5 minutes, dissolved under the tongue, and stored in a dark, airtight container.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Infuse the blood over 6 hr.
- B. Check the client's temperature every 30 min.
- C. Administer the blood through a 22-gauge IV catheter.
- D. Flush the IV line with dextrose 5% in water before infusion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring temperature every 30 minutes detects transfusion reactions early. Blood infuses over 2-4 hours, requires a large-gauge catheter, and saline, not dextrose, is used.