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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a low-sodium diet with a client who has hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
- A. I will eat turkey sausage for breakfast.
- B. I will put ketchup on my hot dogs.
- C. I will use frozen vegetables rather than canned.
- D. I like to use store-bought spaghetti sauce.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using frozen vegetables rather than canned is correct. Canned vegetables often contain added sodium for preservation, while frozen vegetables typically have little to no added salt, making them a healthier option.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a PET scan. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid strenuous exercise for 24 hours before the scan.
- B. Fast for 12 hours before the scan.
- C. Expect to receive general anesthesia.
- D. Remove all clothing during the scan.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding strenuous exercise for 24 hours before a PET scan prevents false positives from muscle uptake of the tracer.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about toilet training with the guardians of a toddler who has a cognitive impairment. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Encourage the toddler to flush the toilet while still seated.
- B. Have the toddler remain on the toilet for a minimum of 20 min.
- C. Wake the toddler every 2 hr. in the night to prevent bed-wetting.
- D. Give the toddler a sticker after each successful toileting attempt.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Giving the toddler a sticker after each successful toileting attempt is correct. Positive reinforcement, such as stickers or praise, encourages consistency and motivation, which is particularly beneficial for children with cognitive impairments.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Fast for 6 hours before the procedure.
- B. Drive yourself home after the procedure.
- C. Expect to stay overnight routinely.
- D. Avoid lying flat after the procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fasting for 6 hours before a cardiac catheterization reduces the risk of aspiration during sedation.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a sigmoidoscopy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Fast for 12 hours before the procedure.
- B. Use an enema the evening before.
- C. Expect general anesthesia.
- D. Avoid drinking fluids after the procedure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using an enema the evening before a sigmoidoscopy clears the lower colon for a clear view during the procedure.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of gout. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make?
- A. Limit purine-rich foods.
- B. Increase dairy intake.
- C. Avoid whole grains.
- D. Reduce fluid intake.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Limiting purine-rich foods, like red meat and shellfish, reduces uric acid production, helping manage gout.