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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about beginning an exercise program with an older adult client who is at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following activities should the nurse recommend?
- A. Bowling
- B. Passive range-of-motion exercise
- C. Jogging
- D. Walking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Walking is weight-bearing, promoting bone density safely for osteoporosis prevention.
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A nurse is assisting with feeding a client who has had a stroke. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of dysphagia?
- A. Rapid chewing
- B. Garbled voice
- C. Sneezing
- D. Increased hunger
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A garbled voice post-stroke indicates swallowing difficulty, a dysphagia sign.
A nurse is caring for a client who requires a sterile dressing change. The nurse should recognize that the surgical field has been contaminated if which of the following actions occur?
- A. The handle of a pair of sterile scissors is resting 5 cm (2 in) from the field's edge.
- B. A pair of sterile forceps is allowed to rest in a container of sterile water on the field.
- C. Unnecessary sterile items are placed on the field.
- D. The sterile solution is poured with the bottle held over the field.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pouring with the bottle over the field risks contamination from the non-sterile bottle.
A nurse is wearing sterile gloves in preparation for assisting with a client's sterile procedure. While waiting for the procedure to begin, how should the nurse position their hands?
- A. Keep their arms at the sides of their body with their hands in a relaxed position.
- B. Interlock their fingers and hold their hands away from their body above their waist.
- C. Clasp their hands together in a relaxed position behind their body at their waist.
- D. Place one hand over the other against the part of the gown covering their upper body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Interlocking fingers above the waist keeps hands sterile and away from contamination.
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
- A. Family history of osteoporosis
- B. Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- C. Orthostatic hypotension
- D. BMI of 24
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes increases cardiovascular risk due to chronic hyperglycemia affecting blood vessels.
A nurse is caring for an adult client who has acute lymphocytic leukemia. The client is refusing blood products. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. You need to talk with your doctor about this.
- B. Not receiving blood will slow down your recovery.
- C. I understand that you decided not to receive blood products.
- D. Why are you refusing to receive blood products?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acknowledging the refusal respects autonomy while opening dialogue.