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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about high-fiber foods with a client at a health fair. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as having the highest fiber content?
- A. 240 mL (8 oz) tomato juice
- B. 240 mL (8 oz) low-fat strawberry Greek yogurt
- C. 1 cup cooked peas
- D. 1 medium banana
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fiber content varies widely among foods, and cooked peas top this list. One cup of cooked peas offers about 8-9 grams of fiber, thanks to their legume properties, promoting bowel health and satiety. Tomato juice (8 oz) has roughly 1-2 grams mostly water, low in bulk. Low-fat strawberry Greek yogurt provides minimal fiber (<1 gram), as dairy lacks it naturally, despite added fruit. A medium banana has about 3 grams, decent but far below peas. Recommending peas educates the client on a nutrient-dense, high-fiber choice, aligning with dietary guidelines (e.g., 25-30 grams daily), supporting digestion, and preventing chronic diseases like diverticulosis, making it the best option to highlight.
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A nurse is preparing to perform a blood glucose test. After performing hand hygiene and donning gloves, in which order should the nurse perform the following actions to obtain a capillary blood sample?
- A. Cleanse the site with an antiseptic swab.
- B. Allow the site to dry.
- C. Pierce the puncture site quickly.
- D. Squeeze the site gently to obtain a blood droplet.
- E. Apply blood to the test strip.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Steps are: Cleanse (A), dry (B), pierce (C), squeeze (D), and apply (E), ensuring a clean and accurate glucose reading.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent bolus enteral feedings through a jejunostomy tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Elevate the head of the client's bed for 1 hr after the feeding
- B. Administer the feeding solution at a cold temperature.
- C. Rotate the jejunostomy tube once per day.
- D. Flush the tube with 90 mL of sterile water before and after the feeding
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head for 1 hour prevents aspiration, essential for jejunostomy feeding safety. Cold solutions, rotation, and large flushes are not recommended.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family of a client who has methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of a leg wound and is on contact precautions. Which of the following statements by a family member indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. We should remove gloves before leaving the hospital room.
- B. There is no cure for MRSA.
- C. MRSA only occurs in health care facilities.
- D. We will need to wear masks when we are in the hospital room.
- E. We can touch the client without precautions.
- F. MRSA will resolve without treatment.
- G. We should wash hands after glove removal.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gloves should be removed before leaving to prevent contamination spread; MRSA is treatable, can occur outside facilities, and masks aren't required for contact precautions.
A nurse is reviewing a client's medical history to identify risk factors for osteoporosis. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a risk factor for developing osteoporosis?
- A. Age 45 years
- B. Regular aerobic exercise
- C. Uses NSAIDS for pain relief
- D. Smokes cigarettes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Smoking is a known risk factor for osteoporosis as it reduces bone density. Age 45 isn't a strong risk unless postmenopausal, exercise helps, and NSAIDs aren't a direct risk.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is scheduled for a liver biopsy. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Bilirubin 1.0 mg/dL (0.3 to 1.0 mg/dL)
- B. Ammonia 55 mcg/dL (10 to 80 mcg/dL)
- C. Aspartate aminotransferase 34 units/L (0 to 34 units/L)
- D. Platelets 60,000/mm³ (150,000 to 400,000/mm³)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Liver biopsy risks bleeding due to vascularity, so platelets at 60,000/mm³ well below normal (150,000-400,000) signal thrombocytopenia, increasing hemorrhage risk. Normal bilirubin (1.0 mg/dL) and AST (34 units/L) reflect liver function, not clotting. Ammonia (55 mcg/dL) is normal, tied to encephalopathy, not biopsy safety. Low platelets impair hemostasis, often requiring transfusion or delay per procedural norms (e.g., AASLD), prioritizing safety unlike normal labs, this demands provider action, making it the critical value to report.