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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Keep the tablets in a dark, airtight container.
- B. Take one tablet every 15 min for chest pain.
- C. You might feel a tingling sensation under your tongue.
- D. You should swallow the tablet with water.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroglycerin causes a tingling sensation, indicating absorption. Tablets are kept in dark containers, taken every 5 minutes for pain, and not swallowed.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a female client who is taking phenytoin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You can safely take this medication if you become pregnant.
- B. You can skip a dose of this medication if you are nauseated.
- C. You should expect to have blood work every 6 months while taking this medication.
- D. You might experience swollen gums while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia, leading to swollen gums, a common side effect clients should monitor. It's teratogenic, skipping doses risks seizures, and blood work frequency varies.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for lorazepam. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication every morning.
- B. You might feel dizzy while taking this medication.
- C. You need to increase your fluid intake.
- D. You can take this medication with an antacid.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lorazepam can cause dizziness, a safety concern. Timing varies, fluid increase isn't needed, and antacids don't interact significantly.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for gabapentin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should take this medication with a high-fat meal.
- B. I might feel sleepy while taking this medication.
- C. I need to avoid sunlight while taking this medication.
- D. I can stop taking this medication as soon as my pain goes away.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gabapentin can cause drowsiness, reflecting understanding. Food intake is flexible, sunlight isn't a concern, and stopping needs tapering.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor?
- A. Sodium
- B. Calcium
- C. Potassium
- D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide can cause hypokalemia, so potassium levels must be monitored. Sodium, calcium, or magnesium aren't primarily affected.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV chemotherapy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. The client reports mild fatigue.
- B. The client's IV site is cool and swollen.
- C. The client's urine output is 200 mL over 4 hr.
- D. The client's temperature is 37.2°C (99°F).
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A cool, swollen IV site suggests extravasation, a chemotherapy emergency requiring immediate reporting. Fatigue, urine output, and mild fever are less urgent.