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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- B. You might experience a metallic taste in your mouth.
- C. You should stop taking this medication if you feel shaky.
- D. You need to limit your protein intake while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin can cause a metallic taste, a common side effect to anticipate. It's taken with meals, shakiness requires glucose, and protein limits aren't needed.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a cholecystectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. The client reports shoulder pain.
- B. The client's temperature is 38.2°C (100.8°F).
- C. The client has not had a bowel movement since surgery.
- D. The client's incision is intact with slight redness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A temperature of 38.2°C suggests infection, requiring reporting. Shoulder pain is referred pain, no bowel movement is expected, and slight redness is normal.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for levofloxacin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication with an antacid.
- B. You might have tendon pain while taking this medication.
- C. You need to refrigerate this medication.
- D. You should avoid drinking water after taking this medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levofloxacin can cause tendon pain or rupture, a serious side effect. Antacids reduce absorption, refrigeration isn't needed, and hydration is encouraged.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime.
- B. You might experience dizziness when standing up.
- C. You need to limit your potassium intake.
- D. You should stop taking this medication if you feel better.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness. It's taken in the morning, potassium may need supplementation, and stopping risks rebound hypertension.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a bowel resection. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage the client to ambulate as tolerated.
- B. Instruct the client to avoid coughing.
- C. Apply a warm compress to the incision site.
- D. Administer a diuretic every 4 hr.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ambulation prevents complications like ileus and thromboembolism. Coughing aids lung function, warm compresses risk infection, and diuretics aren't routine.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a craniotomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Position the client flat in bed.
- B. Monitor the client's neurological status every 2 hr.
- C. Encourage the client to cough vigorously.
- D. Administer a stool softener as needed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent neurological checks detect complications like increased intracranial pressure early. Flat positioning risks pressure, vigorous coughing is avoided, and stool softeners prevent straining.