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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will lie down for 30 minutes after each meal.
- B. I will increase vitamin C intake by drinking orange juice.
- C. I will sleep flat on my back at night.
- D. I will eat six small meals each day.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Eating six small meals reduces stomach pressure and reflux, indicating understanding of GERD management.
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A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has aspiration pneumonia and hypoxia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Initiate fall precautions.
- B. Apply petroleum jelly to the client's nares.
- C. Implement contact precautions.
- D. Maintain the client in a supine position.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoxia increases fall risk due to weakness or confusion, making fall precautions essential in aspiration pneumonia care.
A nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client who has chronic atrial fibrillation. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor prior to administering the medication?
- A. Hct
- B. INR
- C. BUN
- D. LDL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: INR (International Normalized Ratio) is monitored for warfarin therapy to assess clotting time and ensure therapeutic anticoagulation levels.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about meal planning with a client who has hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I can season food with ketchup.
- B. I can season food with vinegar.
- C. I can have a bologna sandwich
- D. I can have canned soup.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vinegar is low in sodium, unlike ketchup, bologna, or canned soup, aligning with hypertension dietary teaching.
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is in the emergency department (ED) following a ski accident.
Nurses' Notes
Vital Signs
Diagnostic Results
Day 1:
Client brought to the emergency department (ED) following a fall that occurred while downhill skiing. Client states they fell when turning to avoid hitting another skier. Client reports feeling a severe, sudden pain of the right leg upon falling. Right leg was immobilized at the scene and the client transported to the ED.
Client states they were wearing a helmet while skiing. Client reports no headache or loss of consciousness.
Client reports pain as 10 on a scale of 0 to 10 to the right lower leg just below the knee and is unable to bear weight.
Right proximal tibia ecchymotic and swollen below the knee. Area is painful to touch. Open area noted on skin with bone visible. Right knee appears displaced. Left pedal pulses 3+, foot warm with intact movement and sensation. Right pedal pulses 1+, foot cool to palpation with minimal movement and reduced sensation.
The nurse is collecting data on the client. Which of the following findings require follow up?
- A. Findings of right lower extremity assessment
- B. Pain level
- C. Level of consciousness
- D. Oxygen saturation
- E. Right pedal pulses
- F. Temperature
- G. X-ray results
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Right lower extremity findings (swelling, open wound), severe pain, and weak right pedal pulses indicate potential fracture or vascular compromise needing follow-up.
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client following a tonsillectomy who is alert and has an SpO2 of 93% on room air. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Obtain the client's peak expiratory flow volume.
- B. Encourage the client to cough.
- C. Place the client in a semi-Fowler's position.
- D. Encourage the client to use a straw to sip cool liquids.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing the client in a semi-Fowler's position promotes airway clearance and comfort post-tonsillectomy, especially with an SpO2 of 93%.