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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
- B. Take the medication at bedtime.
- C. Monitor for leg cramps.
- D. Limit your fluid intake to 1 liter daily.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide can cause hypokalemia, leading to leg cramps, which should be monitored. Potassium intake may need adjustment, it's taken in the morning, and fluid limits aren't standard.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for sertraline. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. You should take this medication in the morning.
- B. You might experience insomnia while taking this medication.
- C. You need to avoid caffeine while taking this medication.
- D. You should expect immediate improvement in your symptoms.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sertraline can cause insomnia, a key side effect to anticipate. It's taken flexibly, caffeine isn't restricted, and effects take weeks.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for levofloxacin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication with an antacid to prevent stomach upset.
- B. You might experience tendon pain while taking this medication.
- C. You need to refrigerate this medication.
- D. You should avoid drinking water after taking this medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levofloxacin can cause tendonitis or rupture, a serious side effect. Antacids reduce absorption, refrigeration isn't needed, and hydration is encouraged.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV fluids. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent infection?
- A. Change the IV tubing every 24 hr.
- B. Clean the IV insertion site with alcohol before insertion.
- C. Monitor the IV site for redness or swelling.
- D. Use a new IV catheter for each attempt.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring for redness or swelling detects infection early. Tubing changes are every 72-96 hours, alcohol is standard, and new catheters are used per attempt.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for pantoprazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime.
- B. You might experience diarrhea while taking this medication.
- C. You need to take this medication with an antacid.
- D. You should stop taking this medication if your symptoms improve.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pantoprazole can cause diarrhea, a side effect to monitor. It's taken before meals, antacids aren't needed, and stopping early risks symptom recurrence.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV gentamicin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Monitor the client's hearing.
- B. Administer the medication over 15 min.
- C. Check the client's blood glucose levels.
- D. Instruct the client to increase fluid intake.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gentamicin risks ototoxicity, so hearing monitoring is critical. It's infused slowly, glucose isn't affected, and fluid intake depends on condition.