Nokea
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has schizophrenia and a new prescription for haloperidol. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following medications?
- A. Diphenhydramine
- B. Docusate sodium
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. Glucosamine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diphenhydramine. Haloperidol and diphenhydramine both have sedative effects and can cause additive central nervous system depression when taken together. This can lead to increased drowsiness, confusion, and impaired coordination. Docusate sodium (B), ibuprofen (C), and glucosamine (D) do not have significant interactions with haloperidol. It is important for the client to avoid diphenhydramine to prevent potential adverse effects.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has COPD and has been taking long-term high doses of prednisone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Limit potassium-containing foods in your diet.'
- B. Withhold prednisone for 48 hours prior to receiving contrast dye.'
- C. Measure your blood glucose levels periodically.'
- D. Take prednisone on an empty stomach.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Measure your blood glucose levels periodically. Clients taking long-term high doses of prednisone are at risk for developing steroid-induced diabetes due to the drug's effect on blood glucose levels. Monitoring blood glucose levels will help detect any abnormalities early, allowing for timely intervention.
A: Limiting potassium-containing foods is not directly related to prednisone use in COPD.
B: Withholding prednisone for 48 hours prior to receiving contrast dye can lead to adrenal insufficiency in clients on long-term prednisone therapy.
D: Taking prednisone on an empty stomach is not a specific instruction related to managing COPD or prednisone therapy.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Anorexia
- B. Jaw pain
- C. Insomnia
- D. Bruising
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Jaw pain. Alendronate, a bisphosphonate medication used to treat osteoporosis, can cause a rare but serious side effect called osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), characterized by jaw pain, swelling, and possible infection. It is essential for the nurse to instruct the client to monitor for any signs of jaw pain to promptly report to their healthcare provider. Anorexia (A), insomnia (C), and bruising (D) are not typically associated with alendronate use for osteoporosis and would not be common adverse effects that the client needs to monitor for.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has angina and a new prescription of nitroglycerin sublingual. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. If my pain is not relieved in 20 minutes, I will take a second tablet.'
- B. I will keep my tablets on a shelf in the bathroom.'
- C. I should be sure to swallow the tablet whole.'
- D. If my mouth is dry, I will take a sip of water before I take the tablet.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "If my mouth is dry, I will take a sip of water before I take the tablet." This statement indicates an understanding of how to properly administer nitroglycerin sublingual. Taking the medication under the tongue allows for faster absorption. Taking a sip of water before taking the tablet helps moisten the mouth and aids in the absorption of the medication. This step is crucial for the effectiveness of nitroglycerin in relieving angina symptoms.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Taking a second tablet before the 20-minute mark is not recommended as it can lead to an overdose.
B: Keeping tablets in the bathroom exposes them to moisture, affecting their potency.
C: Nitroglycerin sublingual should not be swallowed but dissolved under the tongue for rapid absorption.
Vital Signs
Nurses Notes
History and Physical
Initial visit:
Temperature 36.5° C (97.7° F)
Heart rate 68/min
Blood pressure 116/70 mm Hg
Respiratory rate 16/min
SpO2 98% on room air
Follow-up visit 2 weeks later:
Temperature 36.7° C (98.1°F)
Heart rate 86/min
Blood pressure 130/80 mm Hg
Respiratory rate 18/min
SpO2 99% on room air
Select the 6 statements the nurse should include when reinforcing teaching to the client about the newly prescribed medication (sumatriptan).
- A. Do not take more than 200 milligrams of this medication within 24 hours.'
- B. You can take a second dose of this medication at least 2 hours after the initial dose if the headache persists.'
- C. You should discontinue this medication if pregnancy is planned or suspected.'
- D. You might experience a rash on your skin while taking this medication.'
- E. You might experience a feeling of pressure in your chest after taking this medication.'
- F. This medication can cause you to feel tired.'
- G. This medication should start to alleviate the headache within 1 hour.'
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E,F,G
Rationale: The correct statements are A, B, C, E, F, and G. A: Correct dose limit to prevent overdose. B: Advises on timing for second dose if needed. C: Important to stop if pregnancy is planned. E: Chest pressure is a potential side effect. F: Fatigue is a possible side effect. G: Expected time frame for headache relief. These statements cover dosage, timing, potential side effects, pregnancy precautions, and expected outcomes. Other options lack crucial information or provide incorrect guidance, such as D, which mentions a rash that is not a common side effect of sumatriptan.
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal failure and is receiving epoetin alfa. To check for therapeutic effects, the nurse should monitor which of the following client laboratory tests?
- A. Hemoglobin levels
- B. Iron levels
- C. Platelet count
- D. White blood cell count
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hemoglobin levels. Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, increasing hemoglobin levels in clients with chronic renal failure who often have anemia. Monitoring hemoglobin levels helps assess the effectiveness of the medication. Iron levels (B) are important for erythropoiesis but not directly affected by epoetin alfa. Platelet count (C) and white blood cell count (D) are not specifically related to the therapeutic effects of epoetin alfa in chronic renal failure.