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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adolescent client who has oral candidiasis and a new prescription for clotrimazole troche. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Place the medication in the refrigerator after each use.
- B. Be sure to let the troche dissolve in your mouth for 15 minutes.
- C. Crush the troche before mixing it with applesauce.
- D. Stop the medication if white patches appear in your mouth.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dissolving the troche slowly maximizes effectiveness. Refrigeration isn't needed, crushing alters delivery, and white patches indicate ongoing infection, not a reason to stop.
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A nurse is making a home visit to a 5-year-old child who has cerebral palsy and uses a wheelchair. Which of the following observations made by the nurse indicates that the family needs support and resources to cope with the child's condition?
- A. A grandparent is assisting the child in performing ADLs.
- B. The child is playing a game with their siblings.
- C. The parent is withdrawn and rarely interacts with the child.
- D. The step-parent is helping the child prepare to transition into school.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A withdrawn parent suggests emotional distress or difficulty coping, indicating a need for support. Grandparent assistance, sibling play, and step-parent involvement reflect positive family engagement.
A nurse in a provider's office is collecting data from an adolescent who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and has been taking ibuprofen daily for the last 6 months. Which of the following client statements should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. I have morning stiffness in my joints.
- B. I have been taking a multivitamin that contains iron.
- C. I noticed some blood in my stool this morning.
- D. I skipped taking my ibuprofen last week after I went swimming.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blood in stool suggests possible GI bleeding from long-term ibuprofen use, requiring urgent reporting. Stiffness is expected, vitamins are benign, and a single missed dose is less critical.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parent of a child who has a bacterial upper respiratory infection. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will force my child to drink fluids when they have a fever.
- B. I will use a dehumidifier in my child's room.
- C. I will keep my child's towels separate from those of the rest of the family.
- D. I will make sure my child eats three meals a day, even though their appetite is not good right now.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Separating towels prevents infection spread. Forcing fluids, using a dehumidifier, or insisting on three meals are not specific or recommended for bacterial infections.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adolescent client who has a prescription for lisinopril. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Foods high in fiber
- B. High-potassium foods
- C. Foods high in vitamin K
- D. Dairy products
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lisinopril can raise potassium levels, so avoiding high-potassium foods prevents hyperkalemia. Fiber, vitamin K, and dairy are not contraindicated.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about injury prevention with the parents of a toddler. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Install window guards on windows.
- B. Place scatter rugs over hardwood floors.
- C. Keep doors locked.
- D. Supervise at playgrounds.
- E. Turn pot handles toward the front of the stove.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Window guards prevent falls, locked doors limit access to hazards, and supervision at playgrounds ensures safety. Scatter rugs increase tripping risks, and pot handles should face inward to prevent burns.