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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who has urinary incontinence. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Drink citrus juice with meals.
- B. Train the bladder by voiding every 5 hours.
- C. Apply adult diapers at bedtime.
- D. Perform pelvic-muscle exercises.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pelvic-muscle exercises strengthen the pelvic floor, improving bladder control.
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A nurse is preparing to provide tracheostomy care to a client who has a chronic tracheostomy. In which order should the nurse complete the following steps?
- A. Unlock and remove the inner cannula.
- B. Pour 2.54 cm (1 in) of 0.9% sodium chloride solution into the sterile basin.
- C. Scrub the inside and outside of the inner cannula with a small brush.
- D. Wipe the inside of the inner cannula with a folded pipe cleaner.
- E. Cleanse the stoma site with 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
Correct Answer: B,A,C,D,E
Rationale: B: Prepare solution. A: Remove cannula. C: Scrub cannula. D: Wipe cannula. E: Cleanse stoma maintains sterility.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports feeling short of breath and notes that the client's SaO2 level is 88% while on room air. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Check the client's medical records to see which medications were recently administered.
- B. Review the client's most recent SaO2 level in the medical record.
- C. Notify the charge nurse of the client's condition.
- D. Recheck the client's SaO2 level after having the client cough and clear their throat.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rechecking after coughing assesses if the low SaO2 is due to mucus, addressing it immediately.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a hearing aid. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when the client reports hearing a whistling sound from the hearing aid?
- A. Clean the hearing aid with isopropyl alcohol.
- B. Turn the hearing aid off for 5 minutes.
- C. Soak the hearing aid in warm water.
- D. Decrease the volume on the hearing aid.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lowering volume addresses feedback, a common cause of whistling.
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about fecal occult blood testing with a client. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Place a thick layer of stool on the specimen card.
- B. Urinate prior to collecting the stool specimen.
- C. Discontinue supplements containing vitamin C 24 hours before the test.
- D. Refrain from consuming pork 7 days before the test.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin C can cause false negatives, so discontinuing it ensures accuracy.
A nurse is assisting in the transfer of a client who has left-sided weakness from a bed to a chair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Flex hips and knees when assisting the client to a standing position.
- B. Pivot on the foot farthest from the bed when assisting the client into the chair.
- C. Stand on the client's stronger side when moving the client into the chair.
- D. Raise the bed to waist level before moving the client.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flexing hips and knees ensures stability and safety during the transfer process.