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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a preschooler who has recently started to stutter. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Critique your child's speech.
- B. Look away from your child when they start to stutter.
- C. Avoid completing your child's sentences.
- D. Tell your child to take a deep breath when they are stuttering.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding sentence completion reduces pressure and supports fluency. Critiquing, looking away, or suggesting deep breaths may increase anxiety and worsen stuttering.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parent of a child who has diabetes mellitus. The parent asks the nurse how to minimize the child's pain when monitoring blood glucose levels. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. My child should use their index finger to obtain blood samples.
- B. My child should hold their finger under warm water before obtaining a sample.
- C. My child should puncture the center of their finger pad when obtaining a sample.
- D. My child should hold their finger against a table when obtaining a sample.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warm water increases blood flow, reducing pain during glucose monitoring. Index finger use, central punctures, or table pressure do not specifically minimize discomfort.
A nurse is assisting with care for an adolescent client who has asthma and a new prescription for albuterol by metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that they might be experiencing an adverse effect of albuterol?
- A. My body feels relaxed after taking my medication.
- B. My heart feels like it's fluttering after taking my medication.
- C. I experience forgetfulness after taking my medication.
- D. I become constipated after taking my medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heart fluttering indicates palpitations, a known albuterol side effect. Relaxation is desired, while forgetfulness and constipation are not typical.
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a child who has nephrotic syndrome and a prescription for corticosteroids. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?
- A. Provide a low-sodium diet.
- B. Encourage increased fluid intake.
- C. Obtain urine ketone levels weekly.
- D. Administer pancreatic enzymes with each meal.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low-sodium diet manages fluid retention in nephrotic syndrome. Increased fluids worsen edema, urine ketones are irrelevant, and pancreatic enzymes are not indicated.
A nurse is preparing to percuss an adolescent's chest and abdomen. Which of the following areas should the nurse expect to hear a dull sound?
- A. This region of the chest is expected to be resonant on percussion because of the air in the lung.
- B. The right upper quadrant of the abdomen is usually dull on percussion because of the underlying liver.
- C. This site is tympanic because of the gas in the intestines.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The right upper quadrant is dull due to the liver. The chest is resonant, and intestines are tympanic.
A nurse is collecting data from a 5-month-old infant who is postoperative following umbilical hernia repair. Which of the following measures should the nurse use to evaluate the infant's pain level?
- A. FLACC pain rating scale
- B. COMFORT pain rating scale
- C. FACES pain rating scale
- D. CRIES pain rating scale
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: FLACC is ideal for non-verbal infants post-surgery. COMFORT suits ICU settings, FACES is for older children, and CRIES is for neonates up to 6 months.