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A nurse is reviewing a list of current medications for a client who is starting therapy with furosemide. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as being contraindicated?
- A. Levothyroxine
- B. Cetirizine
- C. Lithium carbonate
- D. Albuterol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lithium carbonate. Furosemide can decrease lithium excretion, leading to increased lithium levels and toxicity. Levothyroxine (A), Cetirizine (B), and Albuterol (D) do not have significant interactions with furosemide. In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they do not pose a contraindication when taken concurrently with furosemide, unlike lithium carbonate.
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A nurse is collecting data from a client following the administration of a new medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of an allergic reaction?
- A. Jaundice
- B. Urticaria
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urticaria. Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common manifestation of allergic reactions. It presents as raised, red, itchy welts on the skin. Jaundice (A) is associated with liver dysfunction, not typically an allergic reaction. Bradycardia (C) is a slow heart rate and not a common allergic reaction symptom. Hypertension (D) is high blood pressure and is not typically associated with allergic reactions. Therefore, based on the symptoms of an allergic reaction, urticaria is the most appropriate choice.
A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer to lower the client's blood pressure?
- A. Promethazine
- B. Amlodipine
- C. Fluconazole
- D. Phenazopyridine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amlodipine. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly used to treat hypertension by relaxing blood vessels, reducing blood pressure. It is a first-line medication for hypertension management. Promethazine (A) is an antihistamine, Fluconazole (C) is an antifungal, and Phenazopyridine (D) is a urinary analgesic, none of which are indicated for hypertension. Selecting Amlodipine aligns with evidence-based practice guidelines for hypertension management.
A nurse is collecting a medication history from the parent of a preschooler who comes to the clinic for routine immunizations. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the varicella immunization?
- A. A pregnant parent
- B. Receiving treatment for leukemia
- C. Taking acetaminophen for mild discomfort
- D. An allergy to eggs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Receiving treatment for leukemia. This is because individuals with leukemia have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections. Administering a live vaccine like varicella could potentially cause severe complications in these individuals.
Incorrect choices:
A: A pregnant parent - Pregnancy is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine.
C: Taking acetaminophen for mild discomfort - Acetaminophen does not interfere with varicella vaccine.
D: An allergy to eggs - Varicella vaccine is made using gelatin, not eggs, so egg allergy is not a contraindication.
A nurse is monitoring a client's response to receiving glipizide instead of guaifenesin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Lower the head of the client's bed.
- B. Check the client for urinary retention
- C. Offer the client a carbohydrate snack.
- D. Test the client's deep-tendon reflexes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Offer the client a carbohydrate snack. Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic medication that can lower blood sugar levels by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. If the client receives glipizide instead of guaifenesin (an expectorant), there is a risk of hypoglycemia due to the medication's blood sugar-lowering effects. Offering a carbohydrate snack can help prevent or treat hypoglycemia by quickly raising blood sugar levels. Lowering the head of the bed (A), checking for urinary retention (B), and testing deep-tendon reflexes (D) are not directly related to the client's response to glipizide.
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has tuberculosis and a prescription for rifampin. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I can discontinue this medication after one negative sputum culture.'
- B. I should take this medication on an empty stomach.'
- C. I should expect to have ringing in my ears.'
- D. I can expect to have joint pain.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I should take this medication on an empty stomach." Rifampin should be taken on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. Taking it with food can decrease its effectiveness. Choice A is incorrect because rifampin treatment typically lasts several months, not just until one negative sputum culture. Choices C and D are incorrect as they are not common side effects of rifampin. The client should be informed about potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal upset or discoloration of bodily fluids, but not ringing in the ears or joint pain.