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A nurse is reviewing a patient's serum glucose levels. Which of the following scenarios would indicate abnormal serum glucose values for a 30 year-old male.
- A. 70 mg/dl
- B. 55 mg/dl
- C. 110 mg/dl
- D. 100 mg/dl
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 60-115 mg/dl is standard range for serum glucose levels.
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After the client discusses her relationship with her father, the nurse says, 'Tell me whether I am understanding your relationship with your father. You feel dominated and controlled by him?' This is an example of:
- A. verbalizing the implied.
- B. seeking consensual validation.
- C. encouraging evaluation.
- D. suggesting collaboration.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Consensual validation is a technique used to check one's understanding of what the client has said. Consensual validation is the process by which people come to agreement about the meaning and significance of specific symbols. Through this experience, individuals develop the ability to relate effectively.
An adult who had been abused as a child is discussing the group therapy program. Which statement indicates that the client has gained insight?
- A. I think I was a lonely child because I could not tell anyone about my abuse.'
- B. I am now aware of how deep-seated my anger is. Before I did not realize I was angry.'
- C. The program has given me the courage to tell my mother how I felt about her role in my hurt.'
- D. There are so many people just like me, who are just normal people that had bad things happen to them.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children who are abused learn to cope with the painful experiences by ignoring painful feelings and avoiding getting close to people. As adults, victims of abuse usually continue to repress feelings, avoid close interpersonal relationships, and frequently use alcohol or drugs to block painful memories. Long-term effects in adults might include criminal/violent behavior (for adult males), substance abuse, and a variety of social and emotional problems (including suicidal thoughts, anxiety, hostility, dissociation, and interpersonal difficulties).
The three major sequential maturational crises for females include:
- A. puberty, pregnancy, and menopause.
- B. death of a spouse, menopause, and childbirth.
- C. rape, divorce, and menarche.
- D. dating, engagement, and separation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The three major sequential maturational crises affecting females are puberty, pregnancy, and menopause. These are life events that have been studied by many researchers and are considered the major events in a woman's life. Puberty is the onset menarche. Pregnancy is a turning point in one's life from which there is no return. Menopause is the cessation of menses. The nurse has the responsibility to assess, plan, implement appropriate concepts to facilitate effective functioning, and enhance growth and development. Other options are not sequential maturational crises.
A health care worker is concerned about a new mother being overwhelmed by caring for her infant. The health care worker should:
- A. immediately contact child protective services.
- B. provide the mother with literature about child care.
- C. consult a therapist to help the mother work out her fears.
- D. refer the mother to parenting classes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prevention of child abuse is centered on teaching the parents how to care for their child and cope with the demands of infant care. Parenting classes can help build self-confidence, self-esteem, and coping skills. Parents benefit by understanding the developmental needs of their children, while learning how to manage their home environment more effectively. The classes also increase the parents' social contacts and teach about community resources.
Which of the following statements should the nurse use to best describe a very low-calorie diet (VLCD) to a client?
- A. This diet can be used when there is close medical supervision.'
- B. This is a long-term treatment measure that assists obese people who can't lose weight.'
- C. The VLCD consists of solid food items that are pureed to facilitate digestion and absorption.'
- D. A VLCD contains very little protein.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: VLCDs are used in the clinical treatment of obesity under close medical supervision. The diet is low in calories, high in quality protein, and has a minimum of carbohydrates to spare protein and prevent ketosis.