Nokea
A nurse is reviewing gerontologic considerations relating to the care of patients with dermatologic problems. What vulnerability results from the age-related loss of subcutaneous tissue?
- A. Decreased resistance to ultraviolet radiation
- B. Increased vulnerability to infection
- C. Diminished protection of tissues and organs
- D. Increased risk of skin malignancies
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loss of subcutaneous tissue reduces cushioning and insulation for underlying tissues and organs. It does not directly affect UV resistance, infection risk, or malignancy risk.
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A nurse in a dermatology clinic is reading the electronic health record of a new patient. The nurse notes that the patient has a history of a primary skin lesion. What is an example of a primary skin lesion?
- A. Crust
- B. Keloid
- C. Pustule
- D. Ulcer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pustule is a primary skin lesion, arising from previously normal skin. Crusts, keloids, and ulcers are secondary lesions resulting from changes to primary lesions.
While assessing a 25 -year-old female, the nurse notes that the patient has hair on her lower abdomen. Earlier in the health interview, the patient stated that her menses are irregular. The nurse should suspect what type of health problem?
- A. A metabolic disorder
- B. A malignancy
- C. A hormonal imbalance
- D. An infectious process
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hair on the lower abdomen with irregular menses suggests a hormonal imbalance, possibly due to elevated testosterone. This is inconsistent with metabolic disorders, malignancy, or infections.
A patient is diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and the physician orders Coumadin (warfarin). For what skin lesion should the nurse monitor this patient?
- A. Ulcer
- B. Ecchymosis
- C. Scar
- D. Erosion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ecchymosis, or bruising, is a risk with anticoagulants like warfarin due to blood extravasation. Ulcers, scars, and erosions are not directly associated with anticoagulant use.
A wound care nurse is reviewing skin anatomy with a group of medical nurses. Which area of the skin would the nurse identify as providing a cushion between the skin layers, muscles, and bones?
- A. Dermis
- B. Subcutaneous tissue
- C. Epidermis
- D. Stratum corneum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) cushions between skin layers, muscles, and bones. The dermis provides strength, the epidermis is the outer layer, and the stratum corneum is the outermost epidermal layer.
The nurse in an ambulatory care center is admitting an older adult patient who has bright red moles on the skin. Benign changes in elderly skin that appear as bright red moles are termed what?
- A. Cherry angiomas
- B. Solar lentigo
- C. Seborrheickeratoses
- D. Xanthelasma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cherry angiomas are benign, bright red moles common in older adults. Solar lentigo are liver spots, seborrheickeratoses are crusty brown patches, and xanthelasma are yellowish deposits on the eyelids.